基于热电制冷的车用太阳能空调系统

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0031

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本工作研究了基于热电制冷的车用太阳能空调系统，该系统通过太阳能板独立供电并对模拟车厢空间温度进行调节。试验系统包括太阳能板、锂电池等供能装置及由热电制冷片所组成的空调制冷系统,电池模组采用1×4方形磷酸铁锂电池串联组成，模拟箱体尺寸为400 mm×400 mm×400 mm，内置6个温度传感器进行气温测量，侧壁安置热电偶和热流计以测量壁面温度和通过壁面的热流量。试验研究了太阳能空调的制冷性能，获得了在热电制冷片串联和并联连接情形下箱体的降温曲线，实时测量试验箱体内的热流量，分析了热电制冷片的制冷工作效率及其计算方法。结果表明，环境温度为27 ℃，两块热电制冷片串联情形下持续工作30 min，密闭箱体内平均温度可降至18.3 ℃，平均制冷系数为1.03，有效制冷系数为0.79（排除壁面热流量）；在两块热电制冷片并联时，密闭箱体内平均温度可降至16.7 ℃，平均制冷系数为0.38，有效制冷系数为0.28（排除壁面热流量）。

关键词: 太阳能空调系统, 热电制冷片, 壁面热流量, 制冷系数, 串联连接

Abstract:

In this study, a solar air conditioning system for automobiles is experimentally investigated based on thermoelectric refrigeration. The proposed system can achieve independent power supply and regulate the temperature in a simulated compartment space. The system includes a solar panel, lithium batteries, and other energy supply devices as well as the air conditioning and refrigeration systems containing semiconductor thermoelectric chips. The batteries comprise 1 × 4 prismatic lithium iron phosphate batteries connected in series. The size of the simulation box is 400 mm× 400 mm× 400 mm, and six temperature sensors are placed in the box to measure the air temperature. The thermocouples and heat flow meters are installed on the side wall to measure the wall temperature and heat flow through the wall. Subsequently, an experiment is conducted to examine the solar air conditioner’s performance in case of TECs connected in series or parallel. Subsequently, the cooling curves are obtained, the heat flow across the side wall is measured, and the refrigeration coefficient is calculated for both the connections. Results show that when cooling is performed at the ambient temperature of 27 C for 30 min, the average temperature in the closed box can reduce to 18.3 °C. In a series connection, he average refrigeration coefficient is 1.03 and the effective refrigeration coefficient is 0.79 (excluding the heat flow on the side wall). In a parallel connection, the average temperature reduces to 16.7 °C and the average refrigeration coefficient and effective refrigeration coefficients are 0.38 and 0.28 (excluding wall heat flow), respectively.

Key words: solar air conditioner, thermoelectric cooler, heat flow across wall, refrigeration coefficient, series connection

中图分类号:

TK 511

娄放, 张恒运, 解道昌, 刘俊良, 毛德文, 孙其富, 李源杰. 基于热电制冷的车用太阳能空调系统[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(4): 1178-1185.

LOU Fang, ZHANG Hengyun, XIE Daochang, LIU Junliang, MAO Dewen, SUN Qifu, LI Yuanjie. Solar air conditioning system for automobiles based on thermoelectric refrigeration[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(4): 1178-1185.

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参数	尺寸	材料或规格
箱体尺寸	400 mm×400 mm×400 mm	亚克力
TEC热端散热器	210 mm×120 mm×34 mm	铝制
TEC冷端散热器	150 mm×78 mm×26 mm	铝制
太阳能电池板	1200 mm×540 mm×30 mm	单晶硅
热流计	20 mm×30 mm×0.1 mm	日置

参数	规格
外形尺寸	40 mm×40 mm×40 mm，±0.1 mm 热电臂对数：127
内部阻值	1.2～1.5 Ω
工作电流	I _max：10 A
额定电压	DC12V（V _max：15.5 V）
制冷功率	Q _cmax: 92 W
工作环境	温度范围：-55～83°C

参数	规格
标称容量/A·h	20
额定电压/V	3.2
充电限制电压/V	3.65
放电截至电压/V	2.5
最大放电电流/A	60
外形尺寸/mm	28×149×92