西北电网储能独立参与电网调峰的模拟分析

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0088

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了促进电储能积极参与电网调峰，在调峰辅助服务市场向电储能放开的背景下，梳理了储能独立参与电网调峰的交易模式，模拟分析了储能独立参与调峰市场情景下的调度运行情况和市场收益情况。以从电网吸收的电量越多，储能的报价越高为原则，制定了储能参与调峰市场的分段报价策略，结合储能充放电行为预测，构建了储能参与调峰市场的申报模型。根据次日电网调峰需求，结合储能、火电调峰报价信息，构建了调峰市场竞价出清模型，使电力调度机构能够以系统调峰成本最小为目标调用调峰资源。实际调度运行中，考虑储能的实时充放电状态和电能量价格，构建了储能实时优化调度模型，以市场获利最大为目标优化放电行为。以配合风电、光伏电站运行的储能电站为例，基于西北某电网的实际运行数据，采用上述模型进行了算例分析，模拟结果表明，储能参与调峰市场能够减少电网调峰成本，并能通过调峰补偿和电能市场收益提高自身获利，为促进储能独立参与调峰辅助服务市场提供了一定的理论依据。

关键词: 独立储能, 电网调峰, 西北电网, 竞价出清, 优化调度

Abstract:

In this study, the transaction mode of the energy storage independently participating in the grid peak shaving is sorted out and a simulation is used to analyze the dispatching operation and market income of the energy storage independently participating in the peak shaving market scenario to promote electricity storage energy to actively participate in the grid peak shaving under the background of the peak shaving auxiliary service market being liberalized to electricity storage. Considering that the energy storage lacks bidding experience in the early market stages, we use herein the principle of more energy being absorbed from the grid and higher energy storage quotations to formulate a segmented quotation strategy for it. Combined with the prediction of the energy storage charging and discharging behavior, we construct a declaration model for the energy storage to participate in the peak shaving market. Based on the peak shaving demand of the power grid on the next day and considering the peak shaving quotation information of the energy storage and thermal power, the auction clearing model of the peak shaving market is constructed such that the power dispatching agency can call the peak shaving resources with the minimum system shaving cost as the goal. The relationship between the market marginal clearing price and the winning bid power of each market member is also analyzed. In an actual dispatch operation, the energy storage can participate in the electrical energy market through discharge to obtain electrical energy gains. To optimize the discharge behavior to maximize market profitability, a real-time energy storage optimization scheduling model is constructed based on the real-time charge-discharge status of the energy storage after the peak shaving market clearance and electricity price fluctuation and considering the battery consumption costs. The usage of a real-coded genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the real-time optimal scheduling model of energy storage. Taking the energy storage built in the metering outlet of wind farms and photovoltaic power plants as an example, we use the abovementioned model to simulate and analyze the energy storage independently participating in peak shaving of the power grid based on the actual operating data of a power grid in Northwest China. The results show that participating in the peak regulation market for energy storage can reduce the peak regulation cost of the power grid and increase its own profit through market revenue compensation to achieve expected economic benefits. This study provides a certain theoretical basis for promoting energy storage to independently participate in the peak shaving auxiliary service market.

Key words: independent energy storage, peak regulation of power grid, Northwest power grid, bid clearance, optimal dispatching

中图分类号:

TM 92

薛　晨, 任　景, 张小东, 王　鹏, 孟鑫羽, 杨　迎. 西北电网储能独立参与电网调峰的模拟分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(6): 1897-1904.

Chen XUE, Jing REN, Xiaodong ZHANG, Peng WANG, Xinyu MENG, Ying YANG. Simulation analysis of the northwest power grid energy storage independently participating in peak regulation market[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(6): 1897-1904.

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储能参数	储能1	储能2
储能种类	铅碳电池	磷酸铁锂电池
配套新能源	风电	光伏发电
新能源装机容量/MW	160	120
储能额定容量/MW·h	120	240
最大充放电功率/MW	24	36
充放电效率/%	90	98
最大荷电状态/%	70	90
最小荷电状态/%	10	10

报价档位	火电厂负荷率	调峰报价/元·(kW·h)^-1
报价档位	火电厂负荷率	报价上限	报价下限
第一档	40%～50%	0.4	0
第二档	＜40%	1.0	0.4

m	储能1		储能2
m	投标电量/MW·h	平均报价/元·(MW·h)^-1	投标电量 /MW·h	平均报价 /元·(MW·h)^-1
1	0～8	200	0～13.60	200
2	8～14	300	13.60～18.40	300
3	14～20	400	18.40～23.20	400
4	20～26	500	23.20～28.00	500

m	火电1		火电2
m	投标电量/MW·h	平均报价/元·(MW·h)^-1	投标电量 /MW·h	平均报价/元·(MW·h)^-1
1	0～259	220	0～486	213
2	259～328	463	486～618	414
3	328～397	652	618～750	650
4	397～457	836	750～882	846

电站	储能参与	储能不参与
储能1	8.45	0
储能2	13.83	0
火电1	189.56	199.16
火电2	365.28	377.97