碳中和目标下移动式储能系统关键技术

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0494

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

可再生能源规模化并网发电量将不断提高，因其出力间歇性导致的电网波动大、电能质量差以及电网灵活性调节能力差等问题是电力系统需要应对的重要挑战。移动式储能技术因具备灵活性强、响应速度快且覆盖范围广等优势而备受关注。为推动移动式储能技术的示范应用，本文首先对双碳目标下移动式储能技术的相关政策及示范工程进行梳理分析。然后对其应急应用、容量配置及网储协调等关键技术进行研究，深入分析了目前其研究现状以及应用的技术难点，以期为后续移动式储能技术的多场景应用提供借鉴；更进一步基于应用场景特点和需求分析建立移动式储能技术指标体系，并遵循移动储能协同平台建设原则，构建基于事件和电力区域特色的移动储能系统集群动态博弈调整方法。最后，结合双碳目标以及新型电力系统需求对移动式储能系统技术应用进行总结和展望。

关键词: 移动式储能系统, 示范工程, 技术指标, 智能分派调度技术, 场景应用

Abstract:

With the clear goal of carbon neutralization, new energy will gradually become the pillar energy of power system. Facing the characteristics of high proportion of renewable energy and high proportion of power electronic equipment in the power system, the difficulty of real-time power supply and demand balance will further increase. As the main way to improve the quality of new energy generation and stabilize the fluctuation of power grid, advanced energy storage technology has attracted much attention, but it is difficult to realize large-scale promotion due to economic constraints. The mobile energy storage system with high flexibility, strong adaptability and low cost will be an important way to improve new energy consumption and ensure power supply. It will also become an important part of power service and guarantee in the new power system in the future. Firstly, this paper combs the relevant policies of mobile energy storage technology under the dual carbon goal, analyzes the typical demonstration projects of mobile energy storage technology, and summarizes the research status of mobile energy storage technology, in order to provide reference for the multi scene emergency application of mobile energy storage technology; Then, based on the application scenario characteristics and demand analysis, the mobile energy storage technology index system is established, and the dynamic game adjustment method of mobile energy storage system cluster based on event and power regional characteristics is constructed according to the construction principle of mobile energy storage cooperation platform; Finally, combined with the double carbon goal and the demand of new power system, the application of mobile energy storage system technology is summarized and prospected.

Key words: mobile energy storage system, demonstration project, technical indicators, intelligent dispatching technology, scenario application

中图分类号:

TM 911

李建林, 张则栋, 李雅欣, 周毅, 岳云力. 碳中和目标下移动式储能系统关键技术[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(5): 1523-1536.

Jianlin LI, Zedong ZHANG, Yaxin LI, Yi ZHOU, Yunli YUE. Research on key technologies of mobile energy storage system under the target of carbon neutrality[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1523-1536.

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示范工程名称	主要作用	主要特点
山西省石玉县老千山风电场示范项目	提升电力系统对风电场的消纳能力	可进行工厂化生产，具备环境适应性强、安装简便、可扩展性高
福建安溪移动式储能示范项目	对电力系统进行局部削峰调谷，均衡用电负荷	移动灵活、可就地安装、辅助服务多元化
甘肃酒泉瓜州干河口风电场储能示范工程	平抑风电并网对电力系统产生的波动	平抑风电输出有功功率的波动上层能量管理策略
吉林来福风电场储能示范项目	提升风电就地消纳能力，同时提高配电网的电能质量	风电-蓄热式电锅炉-储能联合运行控制策略
深圳欣旺达居民园区光储微网示范工程	保证园区在系统突然断电情况下依然安全稳定运行	光储微网上层能量管理策略

项目类型		容量规模	功率规模	功率密度	响应时间	循环次数/次	寿命/年	充放电效率	投资成本/ [元/(kWh)]
电化学储能技术	铅酸电池	百MWh	40～80	150～500	ms～min	500～3000	5～8	70%～90%	800～1000
	磷酸铁锂电池		80～170	1500～2500		2000～10000	10	>90%	8000～1600
	钛酸锂电池		60～100	>3000		>10000		>90%	1500
	镍钴锰酸锂		120～300	3000		1000～5000		>90%	1200～2400
	钠硫电池		150～300	22		4500	15	75%～90%	4000
	全钒液流电池		12～40	50～100		>15000	>10	75%～85%	2500～3900
物理储能	飞轮储能	MWh	20～80	>4000	ms	百万次	20	85%～95%	5000～15000
物理储能	压缩空气储能	GWh	3～6 Wh/L	0.5～2.0 W/L	min	>1000	30	40%～75%	1000～1500
电磁储能	超级电容储能	MWh	2.5～15	1000～10000	ms	百万次	15	>90%	9500～13500
电磁储能	超导储能	MWh	1.1	5000	ms	/	30	>95%	90000

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