The in-situ optical microscopy equipment is increasingly used to observe the micro-behavior of the lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, an in-situ optical microscopy system was used to observe the change of thicknesses and morphologies of the anodes during charging and discharging process for the pouch LIBs. The voltage-current curve, the thickness change of electrode and the morphological change of anodes were recorded simultaneously. The electrochemical and physical behavior of SiO/graphite composite anode with different ratio of SiO/graphite was studied. The thickness of fully charged anode increased as the content of SiO raised. When the percentage of SiO was raised to 12%, the anode material peeled off from the current collector,and it had a strong correlation with cycle performance of the cell. The lithium dendrite morphology at different charging and discharging rates was studied. When the charging current was small (0.05 C, 0.2 mA/cm2), whisker-like lithium dendrites were observed on the lithium metal electrode; the thicker branch-like lithium dendrites were observed when the charging current increased (0.25 C, 1.0 mA/cm2). The in-situ observation of macro-and micro-change of electrode morphology make the observation of the internal electrochemical process of batteries readily available, which will help people in the study of battery mechanism, failure analysis and battery modification.
Keywords:lithium ion battery
;
optical microscopic system
;
in-situ observation
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electrochemical reaction process
;
lithium dendrite
电极制作→叠片→测短路→热压→测短路→封装→剖切(关键工序,保证剖切面平整)→装入观测夹具→注液→观测工装密封→调整工装内部温度→记录图像数据→电池进行充放电并记录数据→数据处理。由于超景深三维显微系统只具备拍照功能,无法进行视频录制,且与充放电数据采集系统不同。因此采用VBA(visual basic for applications)编程的方法,将多组图片自动组合成动图,提取极片厚度数据并与充放电数据进行整合,得到充放电曲线-极片厚度变化-极片形貌变化同步测试数据。
Fig. 2
(a) morphology of lithium-intercalated graphite anode under 0% SOC (state of charge); (b) morphology of lithium-intercalated graphite anode under 35% SOC; (c) morphology of lithium-intercalated graphite anode under 60% SOC; (d) morphology of lithium-intercalated graphite anode under 100% SOC
Fig. 4
Lithium intercalation behavior of graphite mixed with SiO anode, (a) 0, (b) 4%, (c) 8%, (d) 12%, (e) change ratio of negative electrode thickness under different SOC, (f) cycle life of cells with different ratio of SiO
Fig. 5
Observation of morphology of lithium deposited on lithium metal negative electrode, (a) charging current 0.05 C, full charge of graphite negative electrode, (b) discharge current 0.05 C, morphology of lithium metal deposited lithium, (c) charging current 0.25 C, full charge of graphite negative electrode, (d) discharge current 0.25 C, morphology of lithium metal deposited lithium
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