The performance of a lithium-ion battery affects the driving range, safety, and reliability directly. Furthermore, as the power characteristics of the lithium-ion battery degrade, the cycle life attenuates, and the available capacity is reduced in low-temperature. Furthermore, there is a high risk of lithium plating at the surface of the anode when the battery is charged at extremely low temperatures. These factors hamper the development of electric vehicles. Battery warm-up is one of the core technologies of the battery thermal management system to alleviate the deterioration of batteries in cold weather. To this end, this paper reviewed the recent research progress of rapid heating methods, including internal self-heating, mutual pulse heating (MPH), self-heating lithium-ion battery, alternating current heating. Key performance parameters such as heating time, energy consumption, and degradation of various heating methods were also summarized. The design considerations of battery management systems in low-temperature conditions were provided, and the performance of different heating methods was compared. The results demonstrated that alternating current heating had advantages over the other methods, especially in energy consumption and degradation. Finally, future trends of battery heating methods were discussed, and more breakthroughs should be made in battery aging mechanisms and preheating strategies in a battery module/pack level. The research was helpful to promote the development of heating methods and solve engineering problems. It also provided plenty of references for the research of rapid heating methods and designing a battery thermal management system at low temperatures.
WANG Jun. Research progress on rapid heating methods for lithium-ion battery in low-temperature[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1563-1574
内部自加热法电路构成简单,实现成本低,并且具有相当高的加热速度。但其加热过程中大量能量消耗在外部负载上,未得到充分利用,导致内部自加热法的能量利用效率偏低。加热过程中电池以高倍率电流放电,可能会造成电池过放电及增加电池老化的风险。同时,内部自加热法加热过程中超过15%的电池容量消耗使得其仅适用于电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)较高的工况下使用,否则将导致电池能量耗尽。
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