基于热-电-磁场耦合的高温蓄热导体结构分析

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0404

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在对固体蓄热装置内部导体的检测中，发现高温情况下由于传热导体电磁受力的原因易诱发导体形变、自身短路、元件击穿等问题，严重影响蓄热安全。为研究电热元件在蓄热孔内的电磁分布及受力情况，本文侧重于800 ℃左右高压电热元件结构优化设计、电磁分析计算，确保在高电压下电磁场合理分布。对螺旋形、波浪形电热元件建立三维有限元计算模型，分析了两种模型磁密分布规律，优化设计了波形电热元件弯折结构，并分析了不同电压、不同波距对平角波形元件的磁密空间分布的影响。研究表明，两种结构中波形电热元件磁密分布更为合理；优化后的平角设计可有效降低元件内外侧击穿。此外，电压仅对电热元件磁密数值有影响，而大波距可有效减弱磁密分布。本文在证明提出电热元件模型可行性的同时，还对蓄热安全有良好指导价值。

关键词: 蓄热体, 高温高电压, 电热元件, 磁密分布, 结构分析

Abstract:

In the inspection of the internal conductor of the solid heat storage device, it was found that problems such as the deformation of the conductor, the self-short circuit, and the breakdown of the component due to the electromagnetic force of the heat transfer conductor under the high temperature situation, which seriously affect the safety of heat storage. In order to study the electromagnetic distribution and force of the electric heating element in the heat storage hole, this article focuses on the electromagnetic analysis and calculation of the 800 ℃ high-voltage electric heating element structure optimization design to ensure the reasonable distribution of electromagnetic field under high voltage. A three-dimensional finite element calculation model was established for the spiral and wave-shaped electric heating elements, the magnetic density distribution of the two models was analyzed, and the bending structure of the wave-shaped electric heating element was optimized. The influence of different voltages and different wave distances on the magnetic density spatial distribution of flat-angle wave elements is analyzed. Research shows that the magnetic density distribution of the wave-shaped electric heating elements in the two structures is more reasonable; The optimized flat-angle design can effectively reduce the internal and external breakdown of the component. The voltage only has an effect on the magnetic density value of the heating element, and the large wave pitch can effectively reduce the magnetic density distribution. While proving the feasibility of the proposed electric heating element model, this article also has a good guiding value for heat storage safety.

Key words: thermal storage device, high temperature and high voltage, electric heating element, magnetic density distribution, structural analysis

中图分类号:

TM 854

田艳丰, 赵鑫鑫, 付启桐, 王哲, 赵旭章. 基于热-电-磁场耦合的高温蓄热导体结构分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(3): 1051-1059.

Yanfeng TIAN, Xinxin ZHAO, Qitong FU, Zhe WANG, Xuzhang ZHAO. Structure analysis of high temperature heat storage conductor based on thermal-electricity-magnetic field coupling[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(3): 1051-1059.

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密度/g·cm^-3	导热系数/W·(m?K)^-1	比热容/kJ?(kg?K)^-1
2.95	2.5	1.079
温差范围/℃	耐火度/℃	导电率/S?m^-1
200～1000	2000	1

材料	相对磁导率/H·m^-1	相对介电常数	电阻率/Ω?m
加热丝	2.58	1	1.35
空气	1	1	0.58e14
蓄热砖	1	1	6.47e9

电压等级/kV	磁密范围/T
电压等级/kV	轴向	横向
35	3×10⁴～5×10⁴	0.5×10⁴～1.2×10⁴
66	5×10⁴～9×10⁴	0.8×10⁴～2.3×10⁴
110	9×10⁴～16×10⁴	1.5×10⁴～4×10⁴

波距宽度/mm	磁密范围/T
波距宽度/mm	轴向	横向
20	10×10⁴～16×10⁴	2×10⁴～9×10⁴
25	9×10⁴～16×10⁴	同上
30	8×10⁴～16×10⁴	同上