储能科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (10): 3231-3238.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0130

• 储能系统与工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于空调的有轨电车动力电池热管理控制

吕艳宗1(), 韩冰1, 王宏宇1, 徐杨非2, 张星2   

  1. 1.中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司，山东 青岛 266031
    2.重庆中车四方所科技有限公司，重庆 401133
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-10 修回日期:2022-03-31 出版日期:2022-10-05 发布日期:2022-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 吕艳宗 E-mail:cnr_lvyanzong@126.com
  • 作者简介:吕艳宗（1980—），男，硕士，工程师，主要研究方向为轨道交通车辆设备电气控制研究，E-mail：cnr_lvyanzong@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    车载电容储能系统及控制技术研究(2017YFB1201004-13);新型车载储能系统装备研制(2018YFB1201605-12)

Thermal management control of tram power battery using on air conditioner

Yanzong LV1(), Bing HAN1, Hongyu WANG1, Yangfei XU2, Xing ZHANG2   

  1. 1.CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Qingdao 266031, Shandong, China
    2.CRRC SRI Chongqing S & T Co. , Ltd. , Chongqing 401133, China
  • Received:2022-03-10 Revised:2022-03-31 Online:2022-10-05 Published:2022-10-10
  • Contact: Yanzong LV E-mail:cnr_lvyanzong@126.com

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摘要：

新能源有轨电车的动力电池间歇性工作、充放电时发热量大，一般需要配置各种形式的散热装置。采用变频空调设计电池箱的热管理系统，其热泵功能在高温或低温环境时可将箱内温度控制在合理范围之内。本工作提出一种适用于此热管理系统空调的多温融合温区控制方法，主要包括压缩机频率计算和动态温度区间控制两方面。用环境温度和电池温度修正回风温度，兼顾提高空调运行效率和响应速度，并以修正后的温度参数参与计算压缩机频率。箱内温度控制为较宽范围的温度区间，并以回风温度的变化趋势动态调整区间范围，减少空调制冷/制热时间的同时抑制回风温度异常上升。还介绍了通风机和冷凝风机的变频调速控制方法。对应用此方法的电池箱(及空调)进行试验测试，空调能耗下降约4%，电池最高温度降低近2 ℃。结果表明，所述方法既能实现电池箱温度调控需求、优化电池环境，又能降低热管理系统的运行能耗。应用所述热管理系统的动力电池箱经过试验考核后已装车运用。

关键词: 电池热管理, 多温融合, 动态温区, 变频空调

Abstract:

The power battery of the new energy tram operates intermittently and generates significant heat during charging and discharging, with hysteresis in heat transfer from the inside of the battery module to the surface. Generally, various forms of heat dissipation devices need to be configured. When the thermal management system of the battery is designed using an inverter air conditioner, the battery can control the temperature within a reasonable range using its heat pump characteristics. This paper introduces a multi temperature fusion temperature zone control method suitable for this thermal management system, which primarily consists of a compressor frequency calculation method and dynamic temperature interval control. Based on the return air temperature, the ambient temperature is introduced to correct it as well as improve the air conditioner's operation efficiency; the battery temperature is introduced to make a secondary correction as well as improve the response speed of the air conditioner, and the corrected temperature is used to participate in the frequency calculation of the compressor. The temperature in the box is controlled as a wide range of temperature range, which is dynamically adjusted according to the change trend of return air temperature, so that the cooling or heating time of air conditioner is reduced and the abnormal rise of return air temperature is suppressed. The frequency conversion speed regulation control methods of the internal fan and condensing fan are also introduced. A comparative experimental test was performed on the battery box (and air conditioner) using this method. The energy consumption of the air conditioner is reduced by about 4% and the maximum temperature of the battery is reduced by nearly 2 ℃ compared with the comparative control method. The results show that the method can not only realize the demand for temperature regulation of the battery box and optimizes the battery environment, but also reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioner. The power battery box with the thermal management system has been installed and is in use on the tram.

Key words: battery thermal management, multi temperature integration, dynamic temperature zone, inverter air conditioner

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