储能科学与技术 ›› 2016, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (3): 335-340.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4239.2016.03.011

• 研究开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同分子量前驱物热解硬碳负极材料的储钠性能

邱  珅，吴先勇，卢海燕，艾新平，杨汉西，曹余良   

  1. 武汉大学化学与分子科学学院，湖北 武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-18 修回日期:2016-03-30 出版日期:2016-05-01 发布日期:2016-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 曹余良，教授，研究方向为电化学，E-mail：ylcao@whu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:邱珅（1987—），女，博士研究生，研究方向为钠离子电池负极材料，E-mail：yingtaozi126@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）（2015CB251100），国家自然科学基金重点项目（21333007）和面上项目（21373155）

Sodium storage performance of hard carbons prepared by pyrolyzing precursors with different molecular weight

QIU Shen, WU Xianyong, LU Haiyan, AI Xinping, YANG Hanxi, CAO Yuliang   

  1. College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
  • Received:2016-03-18 Revised:2016-03-30 Online:2016-05-01 Published:2016-03-30

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1271

被引次数

2

摘要：

硬碳已成为最具实用化钠离子电池负极材料的研究热点，然而其热解前驱物结构对储钠性能的影响仍鲜有报道。本文选择了具有相同结构单元、不同分子量的3种糖类前驱物（葡萄糖、蔗糖和淀粉）作为结构模型，系统考察了前驱物分子量对硬碳材料微观结构和储钠性能的影响。X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）和拉曼光谱（Raman）实验表明，硬碳材料的石墨化程度随着分子量的增大而增加；恒电流充放电测试表明，葡萄糖、蔗糖和淀粉热解硬碳的可逆储钠容量也随分子量的增大呈现出逐渐增加的趋势，其容量分别为242、275和310mA·h/g。本工作的初步结果说明，大分子量的前驱物更容易热解形成较为规整的类石墨片层结构，从而提供了更多的嵌钠反应位点，这为选择合适的硬碳前驱体去发展高性能储钠碳负极材料提供了借鉴参考。

关键词: 钠离子电池；硬碳, 负极；糖类；分子量

Abstract:

Hard carbon anode materials have attracted wide attention for the development of practical sodium ion batteries. However, the effect of the structure of pyrolytic precursor on sodium storage performance of the hard carbon was rarely reported. In this article three different carbohydrate precursors are chosen to investigate the influence of their molecular weight on the microstructure and sodium storage property of the final pyrolyzed hard carbons. Results of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy (Raman) showed that the graphitization degree of the hard carbon materials increases with molecular weight of their precursors. The reversible specific capacity of the hard carbons with glucose, sucrose and starch as precursors reached 242, 275 and 310 mA·h/g respectively, indicating its proportional relationship with the molecular weight of the precursors, and a precursor with high molecular weight is easier to form a more regular graphite-sheet structure, thereby providing more fitted and more sodium reaction sites. This work provides a reference for selecting the precursor of hard carbon as anode material of sodium-ion batteries.

Key words: sodium ion battery, hard carbon, anode, molecular weight