半导体-贵金属复合结构纳米材料的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4239.2013.01.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 最近材料合成开始专注于包含不同类别成分,各成分间具有接触界面的半导体和贵金属的复合材料.这种结构的材料中各成分间的物理和化学性质具有明显的差别,构成一个独特的,多功能的,具有某种可调或可强化性质的复合系统,而这些性质用其它方法则不易获得.复合材料研究成果的积累为这些材料在能源转化方面的应用创造了无数的机会,同时也是巨大的挑战.除了促进载流子分离,复合材料另一个可被利用的性质是其中半导体和金属区域间的电子耦合效应.这个研究领域的主要目标包括:①开发制备高质量半导体纳米粒子的简便易行的方法;②建立在半导体纳米粒子上沉积金属的简单可行的途径;③了解制备过程的化学原理,从而为下一步更广泛的制备和操控建立有效机制;④探索这些复合材料在能源转化领域的应用.

关键词: 半导体, 贵金属, 复合纳米材料, 电子耦合, 能源转化

Abstract: Recently the increasing research interest has been devoted towards the development of semiconductor-metal nanocomposites consisting of different classes of materials with coherent interfaces. This type of nanostructures combines materials with distinctly different physical and chemical properties to yield a unique hybrid nanosystem with multifunctional capabilities, and tunable or enhanced properties that may not be attainable otherwise. The accumulation of the nanocomposites creates great opportunities also a tremendous challenge to apply these materials for highly efficient energy conversion. In addition to promote the charge separation, the welcome feature for a semiconductor-metal nanocomposite also includes the electronic coupling between the semiconductor and metal domains. The primary objectives of this research area are: ①to develop facile process to produce high quality semiconductor nanocrystals; ②to build the feasible approaches for the deposition of metals on semiconductor nanocrystals; ③to understand the underlying chemistry in the size and structure control and the mechanisms for the next stage of development in both synthesis and rational manipulation of nanocomposites; ④to explore various applications of the nanocomposites in energy conversion area.

Key words: semiconductor, noble metal, nanocomposites, electronic coupling, energy conversion

中图分类号:

TB33

杨军. 半导体-贵金属复合结构纳米材料的研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2013, 2(1): 12-23.

YANG Jun. Research progress on composite nanomaterials of semiconductor and noble metals[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2013, 2(1): 12-23.

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