储能科学与技术 ›› 2017, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (6): 1208-.doi: 10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2017.0034

• 进展与评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

离子液体在混合超级电容器中的应用进展

张之逸，李  曦，张超灿   

  1. 武汉理工大学材料学院，湖北 武汉 430070
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-30 修回日期:2017-05-07 出版日期:2017-11-01 发布日期:2017-11-01
  • 通讯作者: 张超灿，教授，研究方向为功能高分子材料，E-mail：polymers@whut.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:张之逸（1992—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为铝离子混合超级电容器电解质，E-mail：zhangzy032@foxmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（51273155）

Progress in application of ionic liquids in hybrid supercapacitor

ZHANG Zhiyi, LI Xi, ZHANG Chaocan   

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
  • Received:2017-03-30 Revised:2017-05-07 Online:2017-11-01 Published:2017-11-01

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摘要： 混合超级电容器具有高比功率、高比能量等优点，是一种极具潜力的储能装置，但其常用的溶液电解质或有机电解质分别存在电化学窗口较窄和易燃的缺点，限制了其应用范围。离子液体具有不可燃性、宽电化学窗口等特点，成为混合超级电容器用电解质的理想选择。本文回顾了近年来离子液体在混合超级电容器中的应用，介绍了离子液体单独作为电解质、混合电解质组分、固态电解质组分和电极组分在混合超级电容器中的应用，指出降低离子液体吸湿性与成本是未来应用于混合超级电容器方向上的研究重点。近年来由于对混合超级电容器与非对称超级电容器定义的理解出现偏差，造成了表述上的混乱，因此尝试对两者的概念进行了解释和区分。

关键词: 离子液体, 混合超级电容器, 非对称超级电容器

Abstract:

Hybrid supercapacitors are energy-storage devices with great potential, they typically have high specific power, high cycle stability, high safety and relatively high specific energy, but the aqueous and organic electrolytes they use often suffer from drawbacks such as narrow electrochemical window and high flammability. In the meantime, the unique features of ionic liquids, such as low vapor pressure, non-flammability and wide electrochemical window make them ideal electrolytes for hybrid supercapacitors. This paper reviews the recent applications of ionic liquids in hybrid supercapacitors, including ionic liquids as pure electrolytes, components for mixture electrolytes, solid electrolytes and electrodes. Finally, it is pointed out that future research directions for ionic liquids in hybrid supercapacitor system is to improve its moisture stability and cutting down the cost of preparation. Due to the misunderstandings about the notion of hybrid supercapacitor and asymmetric supercapacitor, there has been many inappropriate descriptions about them. In this paper we try to explain the difference between the above-mentioned two kinds of supercapacitors.

Key words: ionic liquid, hybrid supercapacitor, asymmetric supercapacitor