The frequent occurrence of lithium-ion battery fire accidents in energy storage power stations has drawn attention to the thermal runaway characteristics of lithium-ion batteries, as well as their prevention and control technology. In this study, the thermal runaway evolution process of lithium-ion batteries in energy storage power stations under external abuse conditions is divided into three stages and six processes, which are the early stage of thermal runaway, the occurrence stage of thermal runaway, and the initial stage of fire, as well as three stages of heat release and gas production, pressurization, smoke, fire burning, and gas explosion. Each stage of the entire evolution process is not independent, and the chemical reactions overlap and intersect. Because the combustion characteristics of energy-storage power station fires and traditional fires are significantly dissimilar, targeted prevention and control measures must be developed based on the characteristics of the thermal runaway evolution process. This study reviewed the recent research progress on the thermal runaway characteristics of lithium-ion batteries, as well as their prevention and control technology. In addition, the evolution process of thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries, monitoring and early warning technology, thermal runaway suppression, and fire extinguishing technology are summarized and prospected in this study.
Keywords：lithium ion Battery
;
thermal runaway evolution
;
monitoring and early warning
;
prevention and control technology
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Thermal runaway monitoring and early warning signal change process<sup>[<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="R47">47</xref>]</sup>Fig. 5<strong>2.1</strong> 温度信号
