基于反激变换器的串联电池组新型均衡方法研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2019.0221

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂电池因具有能量密度大、自放电率低成为了新能源汽车的主要动力源。串联电池组在实际使用过程中，由于电池内阻、自放电率等因素，使得各单体间不可避免的存在不一致性，这种不一致性会降低电池组的能量利用率及使用寿命，甚至危及电池系统的安全。为了改善串联电池组的不一致性，本文提出了一种基于反激变换器的均衡方法，以单体电池剩余电量作为不一致性指标，利用结构简单可靠的反激变换器实现均衡能量在整组电池和任意单体之间转移。通过与传统均衡拓扑对比，本文提出的均衡拓扑减少了元器件的数量，降低了均衡系统的体积，而且能量传递的原边仅需要一组控制信号，降低了控制难度。在MATALB/Simulink中搭建仿真模型，结果表明了所提新型均衡方法的有效性。

关键词: 电池组, 主动均衡, 反激变换器

Abstract:

Lithium batteries have become the main power source for new energy vehicles because they provide high energy density at a low self-discharge rate. In actual use, the battery characteristics, temperatures, and self-discharge rates vary among the individual cells of series battery packs. Such inconsistencies reduce the energy utilization rate and service life of a battery pack. To improve this situation, this paper proposes an equalization method based on a flyback converter. The residual power of a single cell is used as the inconsistency index. A set of flyback converters balances the energy in the entire battery and the transfer between arbitrary monomers. The proposed equalization topology requires fewer components and realizes a lower-volume equalization system than the traditional equalization topology. Moreover, the primary side of the energy transfer requires only a set of control signals, which reduces the control difficulty. The effectiveness of the proposed equalization method was evaluated using a simulation model built in MATLAB/Simulink.

Key words: battery pack, active equalization, flyback converter

中图分类号:

TM 912.1

郭向伟, 耿佳豪, 卜旭辉, 侯瑞, 余威. 基于反激变换器的串联电池组新型均衡方法研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(3): 979-985.

GUO Xiangwei, GENG Jiahao, BU Xuhui, HOU Rui, YU Wei. Research on novel equalization topology of series battery pack based on flyback converter[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(3): 979-985.

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参考文献 21

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参数名称	数值
电池容量/A·h	3.2
开关频率/kHz	10
PWM1占空比	32%
开关导通延迟时间	0.01T
PWM2占空比	66%
均衡电流/A	1.2
均衡精度	ΔSOC<1%
初始剩余电量	75%、74%、69%、72%
变压器匝比	1∶1
变压器原边电感量/μH	50
变压器副边电感量/μH	50
二极管导通压降/ V	0.6
电容/μF	7
电阻/Ω	70

均衡拓扑	拓扑类型	元件类型						性能参数
均衡拓扑	拓扑类型	电力开关	电感	电容	二极管	变压器	电阻	成本	均衡效率	均衡速度	控制复杂度	尺寸
文献[17]	开关电容型	2n	0	n	0	0	0	低	较低	较快	较高	较小
文献[18]	开关电感型	n	n	0	n	0	0	较高	较高	较快	中等	较小
文献[19,20]	多绕组变压器型	n	0	0	0	n	0	高	高	快	高	大
文献[21]	LC谐振型	4n+2	1	2	0	0	0	较高	高	较快	高	较小
本文拓扑	单变压器型	2n+1	0	1	2n	1	1	低	高	快	较低	较小

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