多物理场耦合下锂离子电池组可靠性研究现状与展望

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0644

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来储能及电动汽车领域锂离子电池失效引起的安全事故频现，分析锂离子电池的失效诱发机制，从而提升锂离子电池的安全性及可靠性成为研究热点。锂离子电池失效行为呈现诱发因素多、形式种类多、危害损失大、评估探测难的特点，采用传统的失效机理分析方法需要对电池进行破坏性拆解，无法准确描述和预测电池失效，更无法描述电池组复杂的失效过程。基于多物理场失效仿真分析，从锂离子电池或电池组可靠性角度对事故发生可能性进行描述被认为是更为科学和有效的方法。但是，电池组可靠性研究刚起步，也存在着不能考虑多物理场耦合、分析误差较大等不足之处。基于此，本文首先阐述了锂离子电池可靠性分析的内涵，介绍了锂离子电池可靠性建模和分析方法的研究现状及存在的问题，阐述了基于多物理场耦合的锂离子电池组可靠性研究方法，进而提出基于贝叶斯理论的失效逐层级追溯结合多物理场耦合建模的失效分析策略，并对其存在的挑战进行了论述。

关键词: 锂离子电池组, 安全失效, 可靠性, 多物理场耦合

Abstract:

Recently, Li-ion battery safety accidents in the fields of energy storage and electric cars have become more common.The study of failure mechanisms and the improvement of lithium-ion battery safety and dependability has become a research hotspot. The failure behaviors of a lithium-ion battery are of various forms, greatly hazardous, and complex to assess and detect. Traditional failure mechanism analysis methods destroy and disassemble the battery, making it impossible to adequately characterize and forecast a safety mishap. It is thought to be a more scientific and effective approach to analyzing the possibility of an accident with the Li-ion battery or pack's reliability. However, the research on battery pack reliability has just started, and there are some shortcomings, such as the coupling of multiple physical fields cannot be considered, and the analysis error is large. The reliability analysis meaning of Li-ion batteries is first explained in this study, followed by current research progress and existing challenges of reliability modeling and analysis methodologies. The multi-physical field coupling reliability research approach for lithium-ion battery packs is given. The current issues and challenges are examined in depth, and a battery failure analysis technique is proposed by merging the level by level retrospective analysis method based on Bayesian theory with a multiple physical fields coupling model.

Key words: Li-ion battery pack, safety failure, reliability, coupling of multiple physical fields

中图分类号:

TM 911

陈龙, 夏权, 任羿, 曹高萍, 邱景义, 张浩. 多物理场耦合下锂离子电池组可靠性研究现状与展望[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(7): 2316-2323.

Long CHEN, Quan XIA, Yi REN, Gaoping CAO, Jingyi QIU, Hao ZHANG. Research prospect on reliability of Li-ion battery packs under coupling of multiple physical fields[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2316-2323.

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研究者	电	化学	热	流	研究内容和成果
Chen等^[26]	√		√		等效热导率简化，散热过程
杨志刚等^[27]			√	√	电池组散热优化设计
Sun等^[28]	√		√		温度场
Liu等^[29]			√	√	流阻网络模型和瞬态传热模型
Fathabadi等^[30]	√		√	√	自然对流条件下的热行为
Severino等^[31]			√	√	电池组构型的优化设计
Bruen等^[32]	√				电压和SOC不一致性的影响
Saw等^[33]			√	√	SST湍流模型
Torchio等^[34]	√	√			电池组优化设计和matlab程序框架
罗伟林等^[35]	√	√			磷酸铁锂电池组热仿真、热物性参数辨识
李望^[36]等	√		√	√	锂离子电池组冷却系统热流仿真与设计

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