计及可靠性的含源配电网储能系统的优化配置

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0621

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本工作研究了计及可靠性的含源配电网储能系统的优化配置问题。首先，提出了适用于含源配电网供电可靠率指标的计算方法，具体考虑了负荷时序、分布式光伏出力及储能系统运行特性。然后，基于上述计算方法，提出了计及可靠性的含源配电网储能系统的优化配置模型，综合考虑了配电网的可靠性和经济性指标，约束条件包括配电网潮流、系统功率平衡、光伏出力以及储能系统运行。最后，以17节点配电网为例，利用遗传算法对本研究模型进行求解，得到了含光伏配电系统中储能系统的最优安装位置和容量。并且，分析讨论了储能和分布式光伏同步配置、储能在系统侧集中配置等不同的安装方案以及子目标权重系数的设置对目标函数的影响。

关键词: 含源配电网, 分布式光伏, 储能系统, 可靠性, 优化配置

Abstract:

In this paper, the optimal configuration of energy storage systems in active distribution networks with reliability in mind is investigated. First, a reliable calculation method for power supply reliability of a distribution network with a source is proposed, taking into account load time series, distributed photovoltaic output, and energy storage system operation. Then, with reliability in mind, an optimal configuration model of an energy storage system in an active distribution network is proposed. The model comprehensively considers the distribution network's reliability and economy indexes, and the constraints include distribution network power flow, system power balance, photovoltaic output, and energy storage system operation. Finally, using a 17-node distribution network as an example, the genetic algorithm is used to solve the model in this paper, resulting in the optimal installation location and capacity of the energy storage system in the photovoltaic distribution system. Furthermore, the effects of various installation schemes including synchronous configuration of energy storage and distributed photovoltaic, centralized configuration of energy storage on the system side, and setting of weight coefficients of sub-objectives on the objective function are evaluated and discussed.

Key words: active distribution network, distributed photovoltaic, energy storage system, reliability, optimal configuration

中图分类号:

TM 711

侯美倩, 牛启帆, 邢洁, 单英浩. 计及可靠性的含源配电网储能系统的优化配置[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(2): 504-514.

Meiqian HOU, Qifan NIU, Jie XING, Yinghao SHAN. Optimal configuration of energy storage system in active distribution network with the consideration of reliability[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(2): 504-514.

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储能安装个数	储能安装位置(容量/MWh)	储能总容量/MWh	目标函数	供电可靠率	收益比	投资回收期/年	C_c/元	C_bess/元	C_e/元
1	17(1.66)	1.66	0.008	98.2285%	0.14	7.15	413.75	7955.51	1136.13
3	5(0.72)、13(0.67)、17(0.54)	1.93	0.011	98.3070%	0.15	6.67	481.42	8648.41	1387.33
16	2-17(0.62)	9.92	0.023	98.3272%	0.10	10.00	2474.44	10736.60	1342.16

方案	储能配置点(容量/MWh)	储能总容量/MWh	目标函数	供电可靠率	收益比	投资回收期/年	C_c/元	C_bess/元	C_e/元
本研究方案	5(0.72)、13(0.67)、17(0.54)	1.93	0.011	98.3070%	0.15	6.67	481.42	8648.41	1387.33
对比方案一	5(0.72)、13(0.67)、16(0.54)	1.93	0.034	98.2719%	0.14	7.15	481.42	6381.76	994.23
对比方案二	4(0.72)、13(0.67)、16(0.54)	1.93	0.098	98.2308%	0.12	8.34	481.42	3366.84	480.54
对比方案三	5(3)、13(2.5)、17(2.5)	8	0.114	98.3076%	0.12	8.34	1995.52	40359.12	5078.06
对比方案四	5(3)、13(3)、17(3)	9	0.126	98.3088%	0.12	8.34	2244.96	45432.51	5537.29

权重	储能配置点(容量/MWh)	储能总容量/MWh	C_c/元	C_bess/元	C_e/元
λ_δ =0.2	5(0.53)、13(0.70)、17(1.05)	2.28	569.02	10307.46	1619.66
λ_δ =0.3	5(0.65)、13(0.65)、17(0.79)	2.09	522.75	9423.89	1498.44
λ_δ =0.5	5(0.72)、13(0.67)、17(0.54)	1.93	481.42	8648.41	1387.33
λ_δ =0.8	5(0.63)、13(0.51)、17(0.55)	1.69	421.66	7533.38	1226.21

始节点	终节点	线路长度/km	开关、断路器数量/个
1	2	0.13	3
2	3	0.18	1
3	4	0.27	1
4	5	0.13	1
5	6	0.41	1
6	7	0.13	1
7	8	0.77	1
8	9	1.82	1
3	10	0.77	1
2	11	1.32	1
11	12	1.00	1
12	13	2.18	1
12	14	1.82	1
14	15	1.32	1
14	16	1.68	1
16	17	1.00	1

参数符号	含义	数值
C_E	BESS单位容量价格	150万元/MWh
SOC_max	BESS荷电状态下限值	0.1
SOC_min	BESS荷电状态上限值	0.9
N_rate	额定放电深度下储能系统的循环次数	3000次
D_rate	额定充放电深度	90%
α	BESS运行维护费用率	1%
η_c	BESS充电效率	90%
η_d	BESS放电效率	90%
r_PV	光伏切换成功率	0.9995
r_ess	储能切换成功率	0.9997
c_u	高峰时段电价	904.2元/MWh
c_d	低谷时段电价	311.8元/MWh