抽水蓄能-飞轮混合储能系统协调控制方法

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0550

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建立了一台容量为300 MW的抽水蓄能机组功率模型和容量为25 MW的飞轮储能阵列模型并分析了各自的充放电特性。然后，为了达到抽水蓄能机组综合调频指标提高至2倍，同时减小机组磨损进而降低损耗成本的目标，基于水电机组斜坡输入控制策略和飞轮储能阵列荷电状态(SOC)分段控制策略，提出了一种抽水蓄能-飞轮混合储能系统的协调控制策略。最后，根据某额定功率为300 MW的抽水蓄能机组历史运行数据，通过仿真实验验证了所提出的混合储能系统协调控制策略。结果表明：在电网二次调频过程中，提出的混合储能系统协调控制策略将抽水蓄能机组的综合调频性能指标提高2.29倍以上，能够显著减少抽水蓄能机组平稳运行阶段的频繁输出调整、进而降低损耗成本并提高抽水蓄能机组的稳态运行特性，同时保证飞轮储能阵列的SOC维持在合理水平。

关键词: 抽水蓄能, 飞轮储能, 混合储能系统, 协调控制方法, 二次调频

Abstract:

First, a pumped storage unit with a capacity of 300 MW and a flywheel storage array with a capacity of 25 MW are modeled and their corresponding charging and discharging characteristics are analyzed. Then, a coordinated control strategy is proposed for the pumped and flywheel hybrid energy storage system, based on the ramp input control strategy for the hydroelectric unit and the state of charge (SOC) segmentation control strategy for the flywheel energy storage array. The proposed method is aimed to improve the integrated frequency regulation index of the pumped storage unit by a factor of 2 and reduce the wear and tear of the unit for reduced loss cost. Finally, the proposed coordinated control strategy for the hybrid energy storage system is verified by numerical experiments using the historical operation data of a pumped storage unit with a rated power of 300 MW. In the process of secondary frequency regulation of the power grid, the results show that the proposed coordinated control strategy of the hybrid storage system can improve the performance index of the integrated frequency regulation by more than 2.29 times for the pumped storage unit. In addition, the frequent output adjustment is significantly reduced during the smooth operation of the pumped storage unit, leading to reduced loss cost and improved steady-state operation characteristics for the pumped storage unit. Moreover, the SOC of the flywheel energy storage array is also maintained at a reasonable level.

Key words: pumped hydro storage, flywheel energy storage, hybrid energy storage system, coordinated control method, secondary frequency regulation

中图分类号:

TM 712

武鑫, 尚文举, 马志勇, 滕伟, 张爽, 罗海荣. 抽水蓄能-飞轮混合储能系统协调控制方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(2): 468-476.

Xin WU, Wenju SHANG, Zhiyong MA, Wei TENG, Shuang ZHANG, Hairong LUO. Coordinated control method for pumped and flywheel hybrid energy storage system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(2): 468-476.

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调节形式	调节速度(每分钟额定容量的百分数)	调节精度	响应时间
全厂	>80%Pe/min	<10 MW	<20 s
单机	>80%Pe/min	<5 MW	<20 s

项目		AGC指令变化/MW	综合调频性能指标	调频性能指标平均值	综合调频指标提升倍数
发电工况	单独机组	0→150	2.54	2.11	3.46
	单独机组	150→250	1.67	2.11
	混合储能	0→150	7.33	7.31
	混合储能	150→250	7.29	7.31
抽水工况	单独机组	0→ -260	3.14	3.14	2.29
	混合储能	0→ -260	7.33	7.19
	混合储能	-260→ -265	7.12
	混合储能	-265→ -260	7.12

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