飞轮储能辅助火电机组一次调频过程仿真分析

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0283

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了分析飞轮储能辅助火电机组一次调频的效果，建立两区域电网模型，利用MATLAB/Simulink软件分析在阶跃扰动和连续扰动情况下有无飞轮储能参与时系统的调频效果及调频资源的出力情况。仿真结果表明，与火电机组单独调频相比，由于飞轮储能能够快速响应频率偏差信号，调频过程中系统频率的最大暂态偏差得以减少，飞轮储能的参与使系统在一定的阶跃扰动条件下的稳态频率偏差减少了 $7.58 × 10 - 5$ p.u.，在一定的连续扰动条件下两区域最大频率偏差分别减少了 $2.02 × 10 - 4$ p.u.和 $1.47 × 10 - 4$ p.u.，且交换功率变化最大值在两种扰动条件下分别减少了 $2.84 × 10 - 4$ p.u.和 $1.52 × 10 - 3$ p.u.；由于飞轮储能承担了一部分调频任务，使得在阶跃扰动条件下火电机组的稳态输出功率变化量减少了 $1.517 × 10 - 3$ p.u.，在连续扰动条件下的整个调频过程中火电机组的出力变化范围得以减少。综合分析表明，在相同的仿真条件下，采用飞轮储能辅助一次调频可以减少电力系统频率偏差变化量和联络线上交换功率的变化范围并且减轻火电机组调频负担，减少火电机组输出功率的变化范围，延长机组寿命。

关键词: 飞轮储能, 火电机组, 一次调频, 荷电状态

Abstract:

Herein, a two-area grid model is established to analyze the effect of primary frequency modulation of thermal power units with the auxiliary of flywheel energy storage. The effects of the system and the output power situations of frequency-modulation resources with or without flywheel energy storage in the case of step and continuous disturbance are analyzed using MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results show that, compared with the separate frequency modulation of thermal power units, because the flywheel energy storage can quickly respond to the frequency deviation signal, the maximum transient deviation of frequency in the process of frequency modulation can be reduced. The steady-state frequency deviation of the system is reduced by 7.58×10^-5 per unit under step disturbance, and the maximum frequency deviation of the two areas is reduced by 2.02×10^-4 and 1.47×10^-4 per unit under continuous disturbance with flywheel energy storage. Moreover, the maximum change of exchange power is reduced by 2.84 × 10^-4 and 1.52 × 10^-3 per unit under the step and continuous disturbance, respectively. Because flywheel energy storage undertakes part in the frequency-modulation task, the steady-state output-power variation of thermal power units under step disturbance is reduced by 1.517 × 10^-3 per unit, and the variation range of the output power of the thermal power units is reduced in the entire frequency modulation process under continuous disturbance. Excessive charge or discharge does not significantly influence the life of flywheel energy storage. Hence, the upper and lower limits of its state of charge can be set higher. The state of charge of flywheel energy storage is constrained by logistic functions, the discharge power is limited when the state of charge is low, and the charge power is limited when the state of charge is high. In the entire process of primary frequency modulation simulation, the state of charge of flywheel energy storage is in a good range. Herein, the special case of the initial value of the state of charge being one and zero is simulated, and the results show that the function can help the state of charge gradually recover from the dangerous range to the normal range. Comprehensive analysis shows that using flywheel energy storage to assist primary frequency modulation can reduce the frequency deviation of power systems, the variation range of exchange power, the frequency-modulation burden of the thermal power units, and the variation range of the output power of the thermal power units, and increase the life of the thermal power units.

Key words: flywheel energy storage, thermal power units, primary frequency modulation, state of charge

中图分类号:

TM 712

何林轩, 李文艳. 飞轮储能辅助火电机组一次调频过程仿真分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1679-1686.

Linxuan HE, Wenyan LI. Simulation of the primary frequency modulation process of thermal power units with the auxiliary of flywheel energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1679-1686.

图/表 14

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参数	数值	参数	数值
T_g	0.08	T_CO	0.5
K_g	20	H	2
F_HP	0.3	D	12
F_IP	0.3	T₁₂	0.881
F_LP	0.4	T_F	0.02
T_CH	0.3	K_F	16.7
T_RH	10

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