应用于飞轮储能的BLDC电机功率双向流动策略设计

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0086

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电机是飞轮系统实现电能与机械能相互转换的核心。BLDC(brushless direct current)电机具有体积小、噪声低、经济效益高等优点，在储能中得到了应用。为避免电机在充放电过程中产生较大绕组损耗或引入辅助电路稳定输出电压，在搭建应用于飞轮储能的BLDC电机模型基础上，提出改变晶闸管导通与关断顺序的电机充放电控制策略，改变绕组反电势与流经电流方向，实现电机充放电功能。仿真结果表明搭建的BLDC电机模型能够正确表示飞轮运行特性，也表明提出的电机充放电控制策略在不引入额外的电路拓扑结构情况下，能够使电机在充电状态吸收功率，将电能转换为飞轮动能，电机在放电状态释放功率，将飞轮动能转换为电能，并且充放电过程中相关电气量可控，从而实现功率双向流动过程，此控制策略的设计为飞轮储能的机电一体化产品实现提供一定的理论基础。

关键词: 飞轮储能, 功率双向流动, 充放电控制策略

Abstract:

Motor is the core of flywheel system to realize the mutual conversion of electric energy and mechanical energy. BLDC motor has the advantages of small volume, low noise and high economic benefit. It has been applied in energy storage. In order to avoid large winding loss during the charging and discharging process of the motor or introduce auxiliary circuit to stabilize the output voltage, based on the BLDC motor model applied to flywheel energy storage, a motor charging and discharging control strategy is proposed to change the turn-on and turn-off sequence of thyristor, change the winding back EMF and current flow direction, and realize the charging and discharging function of the motor. The simulation results show that the BLDC motor model can correctly represent the operating characteristics of the flywheel. It also shows that the proposed motor charge discharge control strategy can make the motor absorb power in the charging state, convert electric energy into flywheel kinetic energy, release power in the discharging state and convert flywheel kinetic energy into electric energy without introducing additional circuit topology, And the relevant electrical quantities are controllable in the process of charge and discharge, so as to realize the two-way flow process of power. The design of this control strategy provides a certain theoretical basis for the realization of mechatronics products of flywheel energy storage.

Key words: flywheel energy storage, bidirectional power flow, charge and discharge control strategy

中图分类号:

TM 33

杨孝杰, 王海云, 蒋中川, 宋章华. 应用于飞轮储能的BLDC电机功率双向流动策略设计[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(7): 2233-2240.

Xiaojie YANG, Haiyun WANG, Zhongchuan JIANG, Zhanghua SONG. Bidirectional power flow strategy design of BLDC motor for flywheel energy storage[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2233-2240.

图/表 13

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

表1

表2

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

参考文献 17

1	肖先勇, 郑子萱. "双碳"目标下新能源为主体的新型电力系统：贡献、关键技术与挑战[J]. 工程科学与技术, 2022, 54(1): 47-59.
	XIAO X Y, ZHENG Z X. New power systems dominated by renewable energy towards the goal of emission peak & carbon neutrality: Contribution, key techniques, and challenges[J]. Advanced Engineering Sciences, 2022, 54(1): 47-59.
2	薛飞宇, 梁双印. 飞轮储能核心技术发展现状与展望[J]. 节能, 2020, 39(11): 119-122.
	XUE F Y, LIANG S Y. Development status and prospect of core technology of flywheel energy storage system[J]. Energy Conservation, 2020, 39(11): 119-122.
3	涂伟超, 李文艳, 张强, 等. 飞轮储能在电力系统的工程应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(3): 869-877.
	TU W C, LI W Y, ZHANG Q, et al. Engineering application of flywheel energy storage in power system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(3): 869-877.
4	刘文军, 贾东强, 曾昊旻, 等. 飞轮储能系统的发展与工程应用现状[J]. 微特电机, 2021, 49(12): 52-58.
	LIU W J, JIA D Q, ZENG H M, et al. Development and engineering application status of flywheel energy storage system[J]. Small & Special Electrical Machines, 2021, 49(12): 52-58.
5	李树胜, 付永领, 刘平, 等. 磁悬浮飞轮储能UPS系统集成应用及充放电控制方法研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017, 37(S1): 170-176.
	LI S S, FU Y L, LIU P, et al. Research on integrated application and charging-discharging control method for the magnetically suspended flywheel storage-based UPS system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(S1): 170-176.
6	ECKROAD S, GYUK. EPRI-DOE handbook of energy storage for transmission & distribution applications[EB/OL]. [2021-05-01]. https://www.sandia. gov/esss/publications/ESHB%201001834%20reduced%20size.pdf.
7	李姗姗. 泓慧能源: 飞轮储能技术为能源储备续航[J]. 中国商界, 2018(S1): 92-95.
	LI S S. Honghui Energy: flywheel energy storage technology for energy storage[J]. Business China, 2018(S1): 92-95.
8	陈玉龙. 应用于风电场的飞轮储能系统充放电控制研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学(北京), 2021.
	CHEN Y L. Study on charging and discharging control of flywheel energy storage system applied in wind farm[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2021.
9	戴兴建, 魏鲲鹏, 张小章, 等. 飞轮储能技术研究五十年评述[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2018, 7(5): 765-782.
	DAI X J, WEI K P, ZHANG X Z, et al. A review on flywheel energy storage technology in fifty years[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2018, 7(5): 765-782.
10	赵航飞, 张舟云, 沈祥林, 等. 永磁无刷电动机能量回馈制动调制方式比较[J]. 微特电机, 2005, 33(9): 21-24, 27.
	ZHAO H F, ZHANG Z Y, SHEN X L, et al. Comparison to regeneration brake modules of brushless PM motor[J]. Small & Special Machines, 2005, 33(9): 21-24, 27.
11	李兴全, 李博. 电动汽车用直流无刷电机能量回馈研究[J]. 科技传播, 2012, 4(21): 31-32.
	LI X Q, LI B. Research on energy feedback of brushless DC motor for electric vehicle[J]. Public Communication of Science & Technology, 2012, 4(21): 31-32.
12	姚远. 应用于风力发电机组的飞轮储能系统建模与仿真研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2017.
	YAO Y. Modeling and simulation of flywheel energy storage system applied in wind turbine[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2017.
13	张磊, 王绍琨, 甘时霖, 等. 飞轮储能系统仿真研究[J]. 农村电气化, 2019(5): 65-69.
	ZHANG L, WANG S K, GAN S L, et al. Artificial researches of flywheel energy storage system[J]. Rural Electrification, 2019(5): 65-69.
14	方永旺, 方红伟, 刘乙彤. 基于开关磁阻电机的飞轮电池直流充放电控制[J]. 电气工程学报, 2016, 11(3): 28-33.
	FANG Y W, FANG H W, LIU Y T. DC current charging and discharging control of a flywheel battery driven by switched reluctance machine[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2016, 11(3): 28-33.
15	缪永来, 王冰, 陈献慧, 等. 充电模式下飞轮储能单元的协调无源控制器设计[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2019, 8(2): 365-370.
	MIAO Y L, WANG B, CHEN X H, et al. Design of a coordinated control unit for the charge process of a flywheel energy storage unit based on passivity and backstepping methods[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(2): 365-370.
16	马恩煜. 宽调速飞轮低感无刷电机驱动控制方法研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2020.
	MA E Y. Research on control and drive strategy of wide speed and low-induction brushless DC motor for flywheel[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2020.
17	王翥, 陈颖丽. 无刷直流电机的建模与仿真[J]. 科技创新与应用, 2016(9): 18-19.
	WANG Z, CHEN Y L. Modeling and simulation of brushless DC motor[J]. Technology Innovation and Application, 2016(9): 18-19.

霍尔码	反电势值	导通相	桥臂导通
100	A正C负	AC相	A上C下
110	B正C负	BC相	B上C下
010	B正A负	BA相	B上A下
011	C正A负	CA相	C上A下
001	C正B负	CB相	C上B下
101	A正B负	AB相	A上B下

霍尔码	反电势值	导通相	桥臂导通
100	A正C负	CA相	C上A下
110	B正C负	CB相	C上B下
010	B正A负	AB相	A上B下
011	C正A负	AC相	A上C下
001	C正B负	BC相	B上C下
101	A正B负	BA相	B上A下

[1]	武鑫, 尚文举, 马志勇, 滕伟, 张爽, 罗海荣. 抽水蓄能-飞轮混合储能系统协调控制方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(2): 468-476.
[2]	陈俊涛, 王亚军, 宋顺一, 曲文浩, 柳亦兵. 飞轮储能辅助风电一次调频仿真分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(1): 172-179.
[3]	高峻泽, 柳亦兵, 周传迪, 何海婷, 武鑫. 飞轮用永磁悬浮轴承的磁路设计及磁力解析模型[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(5): 1437-1445.
[4]	周勇, 陈香玉, 简霖, 王扶辉, 田德高, 韩传军. 游梁式抽油机飞轮储能系统设计及实验[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(2): 593-599.
[5]	陈玉龙, 武鑫, 滕伟, 柳亦兵. 用于风电功率平抑的飞轮储能阵列功率协调控制策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(2): 600-608.
[6]	许庆祥, 滕伟, 武鑫, 柳亦兵, 梁双印. 平抑风电功率波动的飞轮储能系统容量配置方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(12): 3906-3914.
[7]	赵永明, 邱清泉, 聂子攀, 罗晓悦, 肖立业. 重力 /飞轮综合储能电机变流并网系统设计及运行特性[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(12): 3895-3905.
[8]	秦昊, 秦立军, 白雪辰, 李聪. 辅助抽水蓄能调频的飞轮控制策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(12): 3915-3925.
[9]	李彦吉, 陈鹰, 李祎杨. 基于飞轮储能的牵引变电所能量回收和电能质量综合治理系统的设计[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(12): 3883-3894.
[10]	于苏杭, 郭文勇, 滕玉平, 桑文举, 蔡洋, 田晨雨. 飞轮储能轴承结构和控制策略研究综述[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1631-1642.
[11]	戴兴建, 胡东旭, 张志来, 陈海生, 朱阳历. 高强合金钢飞轮转子材料结构分析与应用[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1667-1673.
[12]	张兴, 阮鹏, 张柳丽, 田刚领, 祝保红. 飞轮储能装置性能测试[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1674-1678.
[13]	何林轩, 李文艳. 飞轮储能辅助火电机组一次调频过程仿真分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1679-1686.
[14]	李红, 储江伟, 孙术发, 李宏刚. 车载电磁耦合飞轮储能系统的特性[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1687-1693.
[15]	张兴, 阮鹏, 张柳丽, 李娟, 田刚领, 胡东旭, 祝保红. 飞轮储能在华中区域火电调频中的应用分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(5): 1694-1700.