含高比例风光发电的电力系统中抽蓄电站的优化控制策略

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0696

储能科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (7): 2197-2205.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0696

含高比例风光发电的电力系统中抽蓄电站的优化控制策略

刘连德¹(), 何江¹, 周家旭², 李翠萍²(), 李凯强¹, 朱星旭², 严干贵², 李军徽²

^1.内蒙古呼和浩特抽水蓄能发电有限责任公司，内蒙古呼和浩特 010060
^2.现代电力系统仿真控制与绿色电能新技术教育部重点实验室(东北电力大学)，吉林吉林 132012

收稿日期:2021-12-22 修回日期:2022-04-12 出版日期:2022-07-05 发布日期:2022-06-29
通讯作者: 李翠萍 E-mail:215222108@qq.com;licuipingabc@163.com
作者简介:刘连德（1977—），男，本科，研究方向为抽水蓄能电站生产技术管理，E-mail：215222108@qq.com；
基金资助:
内蒙古呼和浩特抽水蓄能发电有限责任公司科技项目(HX/023-2020QT16);吉林省自然科学基金联合基金项目(2020122352JC)

Optimization control strategy of pumped storage station in power system with high proportion wind/photovoltaic power

Liande LIU¹(), Jiang HE¹, Jiaxu ZHOU², Cuiping LI²(), Kaiqiang LI¹, Xingxu ZHU², Gangiu YAN², Junhui LI²

^1.Inner Mongolia Hohhot Pumped-Storage Power Generation Co. Ltd. , Hohhot 010060, Inner Mongolia, China
^2.Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation and Control & Renewable Energy Technology, Ministry of Education (Northeast Electric Power University), Jilin 132012, Jilin, China

Received:2021-12-22 Revised:2022-04-12 Online:2022-07-05 Published:2022-06-29
Contact: Cuiping LI E-mail:215222108@qq.com;licuipingabc@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

抽水蓄能电站运行可靠灵活，能对负荷的急剧变化做出快速反应。但以往抽蓄电站运行时，负荷在机组间的分配通常未考虑各机组间运行特性的差异，使得运行时能耗增加。针对该问题，本工作考虑能量平衡约束和抽蓄机组运行约束，建立以抽蓄系统整体效率最优为目标的双层优化模型。上层模型主要优化抽蓄系统在电网中的调度模式以及为下层模型提供功率指令。下层模型主要依据水轮机效率与水泵效率差异，对负荷的功率需求在机组之间进行合理分配，以满足实际电网需求。算例结果表明，本工作所提策略有效提升了抽蓄系统运行效率，提高了抽蓄电站的经济效益。

关键词: 抽水蓄能, 双层优化, 削峰填谷, 负荷分配

Abstract:

The pumped storage power plant is reliable and flexible, with the ability to adapt swiftly to load changes. When the storage station was previously operational, the load distribution between units did not always take into account the differences in operation characteristics between the units, which resulted in higher energy consumption during operation. For this issue, this study considers energy balance and unit operation constraints and develops a two-layer optimization model with the optimal overall efficiency of the extraction and storage system. The top model primarily optimizes the grids storage system scheduling mode and gives power instructions to the bottom model. The lower model is mostly based on the difference in water turbine and water pump efficiency, and the loads power requirement should be evenly divided among the units to match the real power grid requirement. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategy effectively promotes the operation and economic efficiencies of the storage station.

Key words: pumped storage, double-layer optimization, peak load shifting, load distribution

中图分类号:

TM 921

刘连德, 何江, 周家旭, 李翠萍, 李凯强, 朱星旭, 严干贵, 李军徽. 含高比例风光发电的电力系统中抽蓄电站的优化控制策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(7): 2197-2205.

Liande LIU, Jiang HE, Jiaxu ZHOU, Cuiping LI, Kaiqiang LI, Xingxu ZHU, Gangiu YAN, Junhui LI. Optimization control strategy of pumped storage station in power system with high proportion wind/photovoltaic power[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(7): 2197-2205.

图/表 16

图1

表1

表2

抽水蓄能电站工况系数"

	项目	数值
水量/电量转换系数/(m³/MWh)	抽蓄系统平均水量/电量转换系数 $C W$	778.71
	机组1水量/电量转换系数 $C w 1$	786.02
	机组2水量/电量转换系数 $C w 2$	782.62
	机组3水量/电量转换系数 $C w 3$	774.68
	机组4水量/电量转换系数 $C w 4$	771.52
水库库容/m³	上水库最大库容 $V m a x$	6.9002×10⁶
	上水库最小库容 $V m i n$	5.229×10⁵
	下水库最大库容 $V m a x$	7.0508×10⁶
	下水库最小库容 $V m i n$	7.626×10⁵

表2

图2

图3

图4

图5

表3

不同上层控制下抽蓄调峰指标"

上层控制策略	$Δ P$ /MW	$Δ P'$ /MW	$γ$ /%	D
恒功率	3983.95	2405.16	65.78	577.92
变功率	3983.95	1583.95	98.90	473.05

表3

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

表4

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运行状态转换	最多所需时间/s
静止→满载发电	120
静止→满载抽水	360
满载抽水→满载发电	360
满载发电→静止	240
满载抽水→静止	200

性能指标	均分控制	差异性控制
恒功率模式抽蓄系统平均效率/%	57.4101	57.4101
变功率模式抽蓄系统平均效率/%	71.1249	74.1326
恒功率模式抽蓄系统耗水量/m³	6.3076×10⁶	5.7577×10⁶
变功率模式抽蓄系统耗水量/m³	6.2179×10⁶	5.6615×10⁶

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含高比例风光发电的电力系统中抽蓄电站的优化控制策略

Optimization control strategy of pumped storage station in power system with high proportion wind/photovoltaic power

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