全钒液流电池的技术进展、不同储能时长系统的价格分析及展望

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0246

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

可再生能源正逐渐由辅助能源变为主导能源，建立“新能源+储能”为主体的新型电力系统对大功率、大容量、长时储能技术提出了新的要求，全钒液流电池储能技术具有本征安全、充放电循环寿命长、电解液可循环使用、生命周期经济性好及环境友好等特点，近年来受到学术界、产业界的广泛关注。本工作回顾了液流电池的发展历程，介绍了全钒液流电池储能技术的基本原理、性能特点、技术和产业化发展现状，结合多年高功率、大容量全钒液流电池储能系统工程实际设计经验，阐明了大规模储能电站的模块化设计方法，实施的5 MW/10 MWh全钒液流电池储能系统产业化项目已安全稳定运行了9年多，能量转换效率和储能容量无明显衰减。实际应用结果充分验证了全钒液流电池储能系统的安全性和可靠性，已满足产业化应用的要求。根据全球全钒液流电池储能装备领军企业2021年第三季度兆瓦级储能系统实际价格，分析了不同储能时长全钒液流电池储能系统的价格及生命周期的经济性，指出了今后的研究开发重点。

关键词: 全钒液流电池, 储能系统, 价格分析, 长时储能

Abstract:

Renewable energy is gradually changing from auxiliary energy to dominant energy. The establishment of a new power system with "new energy and energy storage" as the main body puts forward new requirements for high-power, large-capacity, and long-term energy storage technology. Energy storage technology has the characteristics of intrinsic safety, long cycle life, recyclable electrolyte, good life cycle economy, and environmental friendliness. In recent years, it has received extensive attention from academia and industry. On the basis of the author's experience in the research, development and industrialization of flow battery energy storage technology, this paper reviews the development process of flow battery, and introduces the basic principle, performance characteristics and technology of vanadium flow battery energy storage technology. And the industrialization development status, combined with many years of high-power, large-capacity vanadium flow battery energy storage system engineering practical design experience, the modular design method of large-scale energy storage power station is clarified, the implementation of 5 MW/10 MWh vanadium flow battery energy storage system. The energy system industrialization project has been operating safely and stably for more than 9 years, and the energy conversion efficiency and energy storage capacity have not declined significantly. The practical application results fully verify the safety and reliability of the vanadium flow battery energy storage system. It has met the requirements of industrial application. According to the actual price of the megawatt-scale energy storage system in the third quarter of 2021 by the world's leading vanadium flow battery energy storage equipment, the price and life cycle economy of the vanadium flow battery energy storage system with different energy storage durations were analyzed, and it was pointed out that the focus of future research and development.

Key words: vanadium flow battery, energy storage system, cost analysis, long duration energy storage

中图分类号:

TM 911

张华民. 全钒液流电池的技术进展、不同储能时长系统的价格分析及展望[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(9): 2772-2780.

Huamin ZHANG. Development， cost analysis considering various durations， and advancement of vanadium flow batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(9): 2772-2780.

图/表 5

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图5

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