太阳能光伏系统冷却技术的发展进程

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2019.0038

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 光伏系统在运行时，冷却太阳能光伏电池板使其达到更高的效率是一个关键因素。适当的冷却可以提高电力效率，并随着时间的推移降低电池退化的速度，从而使光伏组件的寿命最大化。综述了传统冷却技术中自然循环对流冷却、强制对流循环冷却和液冷技术，新型冷却技术浮动跟踪集中冷却系统、混合PV/T系统冷却、混合PV/TE系统采用散热器冷却以及通过使用相变材料来提高太阳能光伏电池板的性能。根据研究的重点、贡献和实际应用分析各技术的优缺点、适合应用的领域及各自技术的经济特点。未来的技术发展方向应是无论选择何种技术来冷却光伏板，都应该保持工作表面温度较低且稳定、简单可靠、能够利用提取的热能来提高整体的转换效率。

关键词: 太阳能光伏系统, 冷却散热技术, 光伏电池板, 发电效率

Abstract: During the operation of the photovoltaic system, how to cool the solar photovoltaic panel to achieve higher efficiency is a key factor to be considered. Proper cooling can increase power efficiency and reduce the rate of battery degradation over time, thus maximizing the lifetime of photovoltaic modules. The natural circulation convection cooling, forced convection circulating cooling, and liquid cooling technology in the traditional cooling technology are reviewed. The new cooling technologies include floating tracking centralized cooling system (FTCC), hybrid PV/T system, hybrid PV/TE system using radiator cooling and through use Phase change materials improve solar panel performance. According to the research focus, contribution and practical application, the advantages and disadvantages of each technology, the fields suitable for the application and the economic characteristics of each technology are analyzed. It is concluded that the future direction of technology development should ensure low, stable and reliable working surface temperature of the photovoltaic panels, no matter which technology is chosen. Meanwhile, the extracted thermal energy can be utilized to improve the overall conversion efficiency. To provide some reference value for the design and application of photovoltaic systems.

Key words: solar photovoltaic system, cooling and cooling technology, photovoltaic panel, power generation efficiency

中图分类号:

TB69

张永一川, 章学来, 徐笑锋. 太阳能光伏系统冷却技术的发展进程[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2019, 8(5): 821-828.

ZHANG Yongyichuan, ZHANG Xuelai, XU Xiaofeng. Development process of solar photovoltaic system cooling technology[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2019, 8(5): 821-828.

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