计及系统经济性与荷电状态均衡的多储能电站调频双层功率优化策略

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1004

储能科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (3): 1247-1257.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1004

计及系统经济性与荷电状态均衡的多储能电站调频双层功率优化策略

党少佳¹^,²(), 孙利强², 王深友¹, 田文涛², 胡鹏飞¹()

^1.浙江大学，浙江杭州 310000
^2.内蒙古电力科学研究院，内蒙古自治区呼和浩特 010020

收稿日期:2024-10-30 修回日期:2024-12-10 出版日期:2025-03-28 发布日期:2025-04-28
通讯作者: 胡鹏飞 E-mail:dang1027@163.com;hpf@zju.edu.cn
作者简介:党少佳（1989—），男，本科，高级工程师，主要从事电力系统一次调频、多源协同控制优化研究等工作，E-mail：dang1027@163.com；

A dual-layer power optimization strategy for multi-energy storage power station considering system economic efficiency and state of charge balance

Shaojia DANG¹^,²(), Liqiang SUN², Shenyou WANG¹, Wentao TIAN², Pengfei HU¹()

^1.Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
^2.Inner Mongolia Electric Power Research Institute, Huhehot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China

Received:2024-10-30 Revised:2024-12-10 Online:2025-03-28 Published:2025-04-28
Contact: Pengfei HU E-mail:dang1027@163.com;hpf@zju.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对电网中不同储能电站调频成本存在差异，未考虑内部单元群出力效率以及荷电状态(SOC)均衡的问题，本文提出一种计及系统经济性与荷电状态均衡的多储能电站调频双层功率优化策略。上层计及SOC、健康状态(SOH)的抗拒系数，与储能调频内损成本、衰老成本构成目标函数，实现储能电站调频成本最小。下层构建储能单元充放电效率模型，设计了单元群充放电损耗最小与单元群SOC偏差值最小的多目标优化策略。仿真结果表明，本文策略相比于传统的分配策略，能够减少调频成本，降低储能单元群调频损耗，也能够计及SOC的均衡，避免单方面充放电。该策略既能保证储能电站调频的经济性，又能兼顾电站以及单元群SOC均衡，有利于延长储能电站使用寿命。

关键词: 多储能电站, 储能单元群, 调频成本, SOC均衡, 运行效率

Abstract:

This study addresses cost differences in frequency regulation among energy storage stations and inefficiencies related to state‐of‐charge (SOC) balance within energy storage cell groups. To address these issues, a two‐layer optimization strategy is proposed. The upper layer minimizes frequency regulation costs by considering SOC, state‐of‐health (SOH), internal losses, and aging costs, while the lower layer employs a multi‐objective optimization to minimize charging/discharging losses and SOC deviation within energy storage cell groups. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy reduces frequency regulation costs and losses compared with traditional methods, while maintaining SOC balance and preventing unilateral charging/discharging, thereby enhancing the economic efficiency of frequency regulation and contributing to the extended service life of energy storage units.

Key words: multi-energy storage power station, energy storage cell group, frequency modulation cost, SOC equalization, operating efficiency

中图分类号:

TM 91

党少佳, 孙利强, 王深友, 田文涛, 胡鹏飞. 计及系统经济性与荷电状态均衡的多储能电站调频双层功率优化策略[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(3): 1247-1257.

Shaojia DANG, Liqiang SUN, Shenyou WANG, Wentao TIAN, Pengfei HU. A dual-layer power optimization strategy for multi-energy storage power station considering system economic efficiency and state of charge balance[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(3): 1247-1257.

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参考文献 15

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参数	电站1	电站2	电站3
额定功率/MW	3×20	3×20	3×20
额定容量/MWh	3×10	3×10	3×10
单位内损成本/(元/MWh)	105	187	150
投资成本/万元	3000	4000	3500
循环寿命/次	2500	1500	2000

电站	单元1		单元2		单元3
电站	SOC	SOH	SOC	SOH	SOC	SOH
1	0.5	0.9	0.5	0.9	0.55	0.88
2	0.7	0.86	0.6	0.84	0.65	0.86
3	0.6	0.82	0.65	0.84	0.6	0.82

初始抗拒系数	电站1	电站2	电站3
充电	0.2809	0.3708	0.3483
放电	0.4182	0.2727	0.3091

参数	电站1	电站2	电站3
mp/(MW)^-1	0.05	0.05	0.05
np	0.05	0.05	0.05
a	10.69	10.69	10.69
b	-13.3	-13.3	-13.3
c	60.8	60.8	60.8
d	-0.159	-0.159	-0.159

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计及系统经济性与荷电状态均衡的多储能电站调频双层功率优化策略

A dual-layer power optimization strategy for multi-energy storage power station considering system economic efficiency and state of charge balance

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