考虑充放电转换状态与功率约束的储能电站调频功率优化方法

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1191

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对储能电站单元群频繁转换充放电状态会降低电池寿命以及储能单元连接PCS(功率变换系统)传输功率偏小会违背国家能源管理并网标准的问题，提出一种考虑充放电转换状态与功率约束的储能电站调频功率优化方法。该方法通过将单元群划分为充、放电组分别承担充、放电需求，并在确保储能单元出力时对应PCS交流侧功率参考值不能低于设定下限值的原则基础上，根据AGC(自动发电控制)指令动态更新充放电组各单元，以此减少储能充放电状态转换次数。仿真算例表明，本文策略相比传统的分配策略，既能够减少调频成本，降低储能单元充放电转换次数，也能够计及国家并网标准，满足储能单元动作时，对应PCS交流侧功率不越限。

关键词: 储能单元, AGC, 调频成本, 充放电转换, 功率约束, 分配优化

Abstract:

Frequent charge-discharge cycles reduce the service life of energy storage power stations, and the transmission power of energy storage units connected to the power conversion system (PCS) may become too low, violating national energy management grid connection standards. To address this issue, this study proposes a frequency-modulation power optimization method for energy storage power stations that considers the transition state of charge-discharge and power constraints. This method divides the unit group into charging and discharging groups to meet their respective requirements. While ensuring that the alternating current (AC) power of the corresponding PCS does not fall below a set lower limit during energy storage unit output, each unit in the charging and discharging groups is dynamically updated based on the automatic generation control (AGC) instruction. This reduces the number of charge-discharge state transitions. Compared with traditional allocation strategies, the proposed strategy lowers frequency modulation costs and charge-discharge conversion frequency and ensures compliance with national grid connection standards by preventing the corresponding PCS AC side power from exceeding its limit during energy storage unit operation.

Key words: energy storage unit, AGC, frequency modulation cost, charge and discharge conversion, power constraint, distribution optimization

中图分类号:

TM 911

孙利强, 党少佳, 刘岗, 王深友, 胡鹏飞. 考虑充放电转换状态与功率约束的储能电站调频功率优化方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(3): 1286-1298.

Liqiang SUN, Shaojia DANG, Gang LIU, Shenyou WANG, Pengfei HU. A frequency-modulation power optimization method for energy storage power stations considering the transition state of charge-discharge and power constraints[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(3): 1286-1298.

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参数	储能单元
额定功率/MW	10
额定容量/MWh	20
单位功率费用/(元/kWh)	500^[12]
单位容量费用/(元/kWh)	1500^[12]
单位功率运行维护费用/(元/kWh)	20^[12]
残差值	0.05^[12]
报废率	0.2^[12]

参数	单元1	单元2	单元3	单元4	单元5	单元6
SOC	0.7	0.65	0.6	0.4	0.35	0.3
充放电效率	0.98	0.95	0.92	0.98	0.95	0.92
充放电状态	放电	放电	放电	充电	充电	充电

策略	调频里程/MW	出力偏差/MW
策略1	612.724	4.276
策略3	594.838	22.162
策略4	591.467	25.533

成本	策略1	策略3	策略4
循环成本/万元	8.4262	10.3532	8.2107
转换成本/万元	0.6974	0.7960	0.6891
总和/万元	9.1237	11.1492	8.8998

参数	单元1	单元2	单元3	单元4	单元5	单元6
SOC	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.8	0.8	0.8
充放电状态	放电	放电	放电	充电	充电	充电