分时序灵活运行策略下综合能源系统的三目标优化与能值分析

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0258

储能科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (9): 3447-3462.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0258

分时序灵活运行策略下综合能源系统的三目标优化与能值分析

李嗣文¹^,²(), 朱轶林²^,³, 徐玉杰¹^,²^,³, 周学志¹^,²^,³, 富征阳²^,³, 吴佳骏²^,³, 韩若凝²^,³, 程柳¹^,²^,³, 张华良¹^,²^,³, 陈海生¹^,²^,³()

^1.江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心，江苏镇江 212013
^2.中国科学院工程热物理研究所，北京 100190
^3.南京未来能源系统研究所，江苏南京 211135

收稿日期:2025-03-24 修回日期:2025-05-04 出版日期:2025-09-28 发布日期:2025-09-05
通讯作者: 徐玉杰,陈海生 E-mail:17851006087@163.com;chen_hs@mail.etp.ac.cn
作者简介:李嗣文（2000—），男，硕士研究生，主研究方向为综合能源系统，E-mail：17851006087@163.com；
基金资助:
国家重点研发-国家质量基础设施体系(2023YFF0612000);北京市自然科学基金青年项目(3244047);国家自然科学基金青年项目(52406278);国家重点研发-储能与智能电网技术(2022YFB2405200)

Three-objective optimization and emergy analysis of integrated energy system under time-of-use flexible operation strategy

Siwen LI¹^,²(), Yilin ZHU²^,³, Yujie XU¹^,²^,³, Xuezhi ZHOU¹^,²^,³, Zhengyang FU²^,³, Jiajun WU²^,³, Ruoning HAN²^,³, Liu CHENG¹^,²^,³, Hualiang ZHANG¹^,²^,³, Haisheng CHEN¹^,²^,³()

^1.Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
^2.Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^3.Nanjing Institute of Future Energy Systems, Nanjing 211135, Jiangsu, China

Received:2025-03-24 Revised:2025-05-04 Online:2025-09-28 Published:2025-09-05
Contact: Yujie XU, Haisheng CHEN E-mail:17851006087@163.com;chen_hs@mail.etp.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综合能源系统(IES)具有高能效及低排放量等优势。针对IES传统运行策略导致的供热侧与用户侧不匹配、弃热多等问题，本工作构建了含电热混合储能的IES，提出一种分时序灵活运行策略，考虑设备变工况特性以及能量品质系数法开展三目标优化，基于能值理论研究综合能源系统的可持续性。研究结果表明，相比于常规运行策略，分时序灵活运行策略下IES的能源综合利用率提升5%，运行成本降低6.22×10⁵ CNY，在能值分析中其具有最高的可持续性发展指数(4.18)。不同策略下燃气锅炉容量都较大，运行过程中其为主要供热单元。同时，天然气价格对系统可持续性影响幅度为36%左右，电价影响幅度较大，最高可达72.33%。

关键词: 综合能源系统, 运行策略, 能值分析, 可持续性

Abstract:

Integrated energy systems (IESs) offer high energy efficiency and low emissions. To address challenges such as mismatches between the heating and user sides and excessive waste heat under traditional operation strategies, this paper proposes an IES incorporating an electric-thermal hybrid energy storage system and introduces a time-sequential flexible operation strategy. By considering equipment operating characteristics and using the energy quality coefficient method, a three-objective optimization is performed. The sustainability of the IES is further evaluated through emergy analysis. The results show that compared with the conventional strategy, the time-sequential flexible operation strategy improves the comprehensive energy utilization rate by 5% and reduces operating costs by 626,544 yuan. It also achieves the highest sustainability development index (4.18) in the emergy analysis. The gas boiler maintains a relatively large capacity across different strategies, serving as the primary heating unit. Additionally, natural gas prices impact sustainability by approximately 36%, while electricity prices have a more substantial effect, reaching up to 72.33%.

Key words: integrated energy system, operation strategy, emergy analysis, sustainability

中图分类号:

TK 01

李嗣文, 朱轶林, 徐玉杰, 周学志, 富征阳, 吴佳骏, 韩若凝, 程柳, 张华良, 陈海生. 分时序灵活运行策略下综合能源系统的三目标优化与能值分析[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(9): 3447-3462.

Siwen LI, Yilin ZHU, Yujie XU, Xuezhi ZHOU, Zhengyang FU, Jiajun WU, Ruoning HAN, Liu CHENG, Hualiang ZHANG, Haisheng CHEN. Three-objective optimization and emergy analysis of integrated energy system under time-of-use flexible operation strategy[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(9): 3447-3462.

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代号	名称	能值转换率
R₁	太阳辐射	1.00×10⁶ sej/MJ
R₂	风能	5.89×10⁷ sej/MJ
R₃	氧气	5.16×10¹⁰ sej/kg
R₄	水	6.64×10⁸ sej/kg
N₁	天然气	7.73×10⁷ sej/MJ
F₀	购电	4.325×10¹¹ sej/CNY
F₁	光伏成本(投资、运维、人力)	4.325×10¹¹ sej/CNY
F₂	风机成本(投资、运维、人力)	4.325×10¹¹ sej/CNY
F₃	电储能系统成本(投资、运维、人力)	4.325×10¹¹ sej/CNY
F₄	吸收式制冷成本(投资、运维、人力)	4.325×10¹¹ sej/CNY
F₅	燃气轮机成本(投资、运维、人力)	4.325×10¹¹ sej/CNY
F₆	燃气锅炉成本(投资、运维、人力)	4.325×10¹¹ sej/CNY
F₇	电锅炉成本(投资、运维、人力)	4.325×10¹¹ sej/CNY
F₈	电制冷成本(投资、运维、人力)	4.325×10¹¹ sej/CNY
F₉	热储能系统成本(投资、运维、人力)	4.325×10¹¹ sej/CNY

设备	参数名称	数值
冷热电联产机组	余热回收率	0.5
	余热供热系数	0.95
	余热供热效率(额定)	0.45
	燃气轮机发电效率(额定)	0.3
	天然气碳排放因子/(kg/kWh)	0.21
电制冷机	电制冷机制冷系数(额定)	2.5
吸收式制冷机	吸收式制冷机制冷系数(额定)	1.3
燃气锅炉	燃气锅炉热效率(额定)	0.9
电锅炉	电锅炉热效率(额定)	0.95
电池	充电效率(额定)	0.95
	放电效率(额定)	0.95
	最大荷电状态	0.8
	最小荷电状态	0.2
储热罐	储热装置充热效率	0.9
	储热装置放热效率	0.9
	最大储热状态	0.8
	最小储热状态	0.2
电网	电网碳排放因子/(kg/kWh)	0.98

设备	参数	数值
风机	投资成本	2800 CNY/kW
	运维成本	0.03 CNY/kW
	寿命	20 a
光伏	投资成本	2400 CNY/kW
	运维成本	0.05 CNY/kW
	寿命	20 a
吸收式制冷机	投资成本	1200 CNY/kW
	运维成本	0.048 CNY/kW
	寿命	20 a
电制冷机	投资成本	1100 CNY/kW
	运维成本	0.06 CNY/kW
	寿命	20 a
电池	投资成本	2000 CNY/kW
	运维成本	0.018 CNY/kW
	寿命	10 a
燃气轮机	投资成本	3000 CNY/kW
	运维成本	0.05 CNY/kW
	寿命	20 a
燃气锅炉	投资成本	1150 CNY/kW
	运维成本	0.04 CNY/kW
	寿命	20 a
储热水罐	投资成本	140 CNY/kW
	运维成本	0.016 CNY/kW
	寿命	10 a

策略	风机/kW	光伏/kW	燃气轮机/kW	电储/kWh	吸收式制冷机/kW	燃气锅炉/kW	热储/kWh	年总成本/CNY	碳排放量/t	能源综合利用率
Case 1	600	600	154	142	473	1394	3255	5.4429×10⁶	4233.36	0.76
Case 2	600	600	100	289	2027	1639	273	5.6504×10⁶	4555.24	0.79
Case 3	600	600	100	100	335	1967	301	4.8163×10⁶	4641.70	0.84

符号	名称	数值
符号	名称	Case 1	Case 2	Case 3
R	可再生能源能值	5.07×10¹⁸	5.05×10¹⁸	5.06×10¹⁸
N	不可再生能源能值	3.48×10¹⁸	2.37×10¹⁸	1.46×10¹⁸
F	社会经济能值	1.54×10¹⁸	1.80×10¹⁸	1.69×10¹⁸
Y₁	电能消耗及售出	6.87×10¹⁸	6.80×10¹⁸	5.99×10¹⁸
Y₂	热能消耗	6.62×10¹⁷	4.15×10¹⁷	1.30×10¹⁷
Y₃	冷能消耗	2.54×10¹⁸	2.02×10¹⁸	2.10×10¹⁸

分时序灵活运行策略下综合能源系统的三目标优化与能值分析

Three-objective optimization and emergy analysis of integrated energy system under time-of-use flexible operation strategy

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