基于多场景多重不确定性的含混氢天然气的综合能源系统运行优化

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0958

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

合理利用氢能能够提高综合能源系统优化运行的灵活性，有效缓解源荷不确定性对系统运行的影响。将氢气混入天然气中作为燃料注入热电联产机组可以有效提高系统的经济性以及氢能利用率。为此，提出了基于多场景多重不确定性的含混氢天然气的综合能源系统运行优化模型。首先，建立以混氢天然气为燃料的综合能源系统拓扑。其次，综合考虑源荷不确定性以及场景概率不确定性，建立以系统运行成本最低为目标的三阶段鲁棒优化模型，根据列与约束生成算法拆分为主、子问题，运用数学方法将其变为单层优化进行求解。分析对比不同鲁棒模型的运行结果，表明提出的含混氢天然气的综合能源系统三阶段鲁棒优化模型可以提高系统经济性，有效缓解系统优化时因忽略场景实际发生概率与预测值的偏差而导致结果趋于极端的问题。

关键词: 含混氢天然气综合能源系统, 鲁棒优化模型, 多阶段优化, 多场景

Abstract:

Rational utilization of hydrogen energy can enhance the flexibility of optimizing integrated energy systems and effectively mitigate the impacts of source and load uncertainty on system operations. Employing hydrogen-compressed natural gas (HCNG) as fuel and incorporating it into cogeneration combined heat and power systems can significantly enhance economic efficiency and hydrogen energy utilization. This paper proposes an optimization framework for the operation of integrated energy systems incorporating HCNG, considering multiple scenarios and uncertainties. The approach begins by establishing an integrated energy system topology that utilizes HCNG as fuel. It then addresses the uncertainties of sources, loads, and scenario probabilities through a three-stage robust optimization model aimed at minimizing system operating costs. The main and subproblems are decomposed using the Column and Constraint Generation (C & CG) algorithm. The Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions and the Big M method are applied to transform these into a single-layer optimization problem. Comparative analysis of system operation results and robust models demonstrates that HCNG can optimize system operations and reduce costs effectively. The proposed model adeptly handles the discrepancies between actual and predicted scenario probabilities, thus preventing extreme outcomes during system optimization.

Key words: integrated energy system containing hydrogen compressed natural gas, robust optimization model, multi stage optimization, multi scenario

中图分类号:

TK 91

熊阳阳, 于艾清, 王育飞, 薛花. 基于多场景多重不确定性的含混氢天然气的综合能源系统运行优化[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(6): 1888-1899.

Yangyang XIONG, Aiqing YU, Yufei WANG, Hua XUE. Optimization of integrated energy system operation containing hydrogen-compressed natural gas based on multiple scenarios and uncertainties[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(6): 1888-1899.

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设备	参数	数值
CHP	最小输出功率/kW	0
	最大输出功率/kW	2000
	最小掺氢比	0
	最大掺氢比	20%
	最小气体流量/(m³/h)	0
	最大气体流量/(m³/h)	20
	烟气转换效率	85%

氢能模块	最大功率/kW	1000
氢能模块	电解槽转换效率	90%

储氢罐	容量/m³	300

GB	最大产热功率/kW	1000
GB	最大耗气量	8730

储电设备	储电量/kW	720
储电设备	转换效率	95%

时段类型	时段	购电电价/(元/kWh)	售电电价/(元/kWh)
谷时	00:00—7:00 22:00—24:00	0.40	0.20
平时	07:00—11:00 14:00—18:00	0.75	0.40
峰时	11:00—14:00 18:00—22:00	1.20	0.60

迭代次数	迭代上界/元	迭代下界/元	收敛间隙
1	7555.12341	6195.01195	0.21955
2	7566.53691	7409.36638	0.02121
3	7572.63231	7563.16054	0.00125
4	7568.98818	7565.41972	4.71681E-4
5	7566.40209	7565.73077	8.87314E-5

不确定优化模型	求解时间/s	IES成本/元
随机优化模型^[17]	1239.85	6374.02
两阶段鲁棒模型^[18] (只考虑最优场景)	36.27	6872.35
两阶段鲁棒模型^[18] (只考虑最恶劣场景)	37.31	8153.42
忽略场景概率不确定性^[19] 的三阶段鲁棒模型	45.19	7254.61
本文提出的三阶段鲁棒模型	64.70	7565.42

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