液晶电解质在锂离子电池中的应用进展

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0176

储能科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (6): 1595-1605.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0176

液晶电解质在锂离子电池中的应用进展

李昕桐¹(), 张霖琛²(), 张焕瑞³(), 张波涛¹(), 崔光磊³()

^1.青岛大学化学化工学院，山东青岛 266071
^2.中国石油大学（华东）化学工程学院，山东青岛 266580
^3.中科院青岛生物能源与过程研究所，山东青岛 266101

收稿日期:2020-05-14 修回日期:2020-05-25 出版日期:2020-11-05 发布日期:2020-10-28
通讯作者: 张焕瑞,张波涛,崔光磊 E-mail:371762482@qq.com;1791923672@qq.co1m;zhanghr@qibebt.ac.cn;botaozhang@yeah.net;cuigl@qibebt.ac.cn
作者简介:李昕桐（1995—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为电化学能源材料，E-mail：371762482@qq.com|张霖琛（1996—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为电化学能源材料，E-mail：1791923672@qq.co1m；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51703236)

Research progress of liquid-crystalline electrolytes in lithium ion batteries

Xintong LI¹(), Linchen ZHANG²(), Huanrui ZHANG³(), Botao ZHANG¹(), Guanglei CUI³()

^1.College of Chemical Technology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China
^2.College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum4, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, China
^3.Qingdao Institute of Biomass Energy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China

Received:2020-05-14 Revised:2020-05-25 Online:2020-11-05 Published:2020-10-28
Contact: Huanrui ZHANG,Botao ZHANG,Guanglei CUI E-mail:371762482@qq.com;1791923672@qq.co1m;zhanghr@qibebt.ac.cn;botaozhang@yeah.net;cuigl@qibebt.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

发展高性能新型电解质是解决传统锂离子电池安全性和能量密度不足等问题的重要途径。液晶具有液体的流动性和晶体的各向异性，可以与锂盐混合制备液晶电解质，通过自组装形成柱状相、近晶相或双连续立方相等纳米偏析结构，为Li⁺的传输提供高效的离子传输通道，在锂离子电池中具有十分广阔的应用前景。尽管液晶电解质在锂离子电池中的应用研究已经取得了一些进展，但目前国内外尚未有详细的报道来总结其发展现状。因此，本文通过对相关文献的探讨，介绍了液晶电解质的研究进展，重点描述了Li⁺在非离子型和离子型液晶电解质中的离子传输机制，同时对应用于锂离子电池体系中的液晶电解质的电化学性能进行了总结。综合分析表明，液晶电解质可以通过进一步调控液晶分子的结构以及添加液态增塑剂等方式来提高其电化学性能，有望应用于高性能的锂离子电池体系。最后，本文对液晶电解质面临的挑战和未来可能的发展趋势进行了分析与展望。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 液晶电解质, 离子传导

Abstract:

The development of novel high-performance electrolytes is an important method to solve the problems including safety hazard and insufficient energy density facing traditional lithium ion batteries. Liquid-crystalline electrolytes maintain fluidity of liquid and the anisotropy of crystal, so that it can be mixed with lithium salt to prepare liquid crystal electrolyte, which can form nano segregation structure of columnar, smectic or bicontinuous cubic phases through self-assembly to provide an efficient ion conduction path for Li⁺ transmission, exhibiting potential applications for lithium ion batteries. Despite some progress, however, there is no systematical review on the recent progress of liquid-crystalline electrolytes so as to gain the current development situation and guide the future development. Here, this review introduces the research progress of liquid-crystalline electrolytes through the discussion of related literatures, highlights on the description of the ion transport mechanism of lithium ions in non-ionic and ionic liquid-crystalline electrolytes and summarizes the electrochemical performance of liquid-crystalline electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries. Comprehensive analysis shows that liquid-crystalline electrolytes can improve the electrochemical performance by further optimizing the structure of liquid-crystalline molecules or adding liquid plasticizers, which is expected to be applied to high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Finally, this review presents the current challenges and the possible development trend of liquid-crystalline electrolytes in the future.

Key words: lithium ion batteries, liquid-crystalline electrolytes, ionic conduction

中图分类号:

TQ 911

李昕桐, 张霖琛, 张焕瑞, 张波涛, 崔光磊. 液晶电解质在锂离子电池中的应用进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(6): 1595-1605.

Xintong LI, Linchen ZHANG, Huanrui ZHANG, Botao ZHANG, Guanglei CUI. Research progress of liquid-crystalline electrolytes in lithium ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(6): 1595-1605.

图/表 4

参考文献 30

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液晶电解质在锂离子电池中的应用进展

Research progress of liquid-crystalline electrolytes in lithium ion batteries

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