考虑边际替代效应的火-储联合系统调频备用配置方法

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1090

储能科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (5): 2117-2129.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1090

考虑边际替代效应的火-储联合系统调频备用配置方法

魏江哲¹(), 舒茂龙¹, 陈彦桥², 赵璐璐², 苏新凯², 刘牧阳³()

^1.国能宁东新能源有限公司，宁夏银川 751400
^2.国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司，北京 102211
^3.新疆大学电气工程学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830047

收稿日期:2024-11-25 修回日期:2024-12-17 出版日期:2025-05-28 发布日期:2025-05-21
通讯作者: 刘牧阳 E-mail:12016550@ceic.com;muyang.liu@xju.edu.cn
作者简介:魏江哲（1985—），男，工程师，本科，研究方向为新能源（风电、光伏）发电及储能技术研究及应用，E-mail：12016550@ceic.com；
基金资助:
国家能源集团科技项目(GJNY-23-119);国家重点研发计划(2021YFB1507005)

Frequency regulation reserve allocation method for integrated thermal and energy storage systems considering the marginal substitution

Jiangzhe WEI¹(), Maolong SHU¹, Yanqiao CHEN², Lulu ZHAO², Xinkai SU², Muyang LIU³()

^1.CHN Energy Ningdong New Energy Co. , Ltd. , Yinchuan 751400, Ningxia, China
^2.CHN ENERGY New Energy Technology Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Beijing 102211, China
^3.School of Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830047, Xinjiang, China

Received:2024-11-25 Revised:2024-12-17 Online:2025-05-28 Published:2025-05-21
Contact: Muyang LIU E-mail:12016550@ceic.com;muyang.liu@xju.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

储能-火电联合承担电力系统调频任务正逐步成为现代电力系统的常规运行控制模式。优化火电与储能调频资源的协同运行方式对现代电力系统的安全、经济运行具有重要意义，基于此提出了一种基于边际替代率分析的火电机组与储能调频备用容量配置方法。首先，建立了火电与储能协同承担调频任务的电力系统的频率响应模型。在此基础上，以区域控制偏差的均方根误差作为调频效果的评价指标，基于火电与储能调频备用的边际替代率分析，提出了一种火-储调频容量配置方法。该方法采用基于高斯过程的回归算法以降低配置计算复杂度，并利用多段拟合的方法生成火-储调频效果边际替代曲线，进而考虑常规机组与储能调频备用的不同价格，以最优成本为目标对不同类型的调频备用进行配置。通过基于真实系统实际日负荷波动的算例分析，验证了该方法的有效性。

关键词: 调频控制, 优化运行, 边际替代, 自动发电控制

Abstract:

Energy storage systems and thermal power plants working together to handle frequency regulation in power systems are increasingly becoming standard practice in modern grid operations. Optimizing the coordinated use of thermal power and energy storage resources for frequency regulation is crucial for ensuring the safe and cost-effective operation of modern power systems. This paper proposes a method for allocating frequency regulation reserve capacities between thermal power plants and energy storage systems using marginal rate of substitution (MRS) analysis. First, a frequency response model is established a power system where thermal power and energy storage collaboratively perform frequency regulation. Using the root mean square error of the area control error (ACE) as an evaluation index for frequency regulation, an allocation method is developed based on MRS analysis. This method evaluates the frequency regulation reserves of thermal power and energy storage, leveraging the Gaussian process regression algorithm to reduce computational complexity during configuration. A multisegment fitting approach is used to generate the marginal substitution curve, capturing the effectiveness of thermal-storage frequency regulation. Furthermore, the method considers the different prices of frequency regulation reserves for thermal power and energy storage. It optimizes the allocation of these reserve capacities with the objective of minimizing overall costs. The proposed method is validated through a real-world case study examining daily load fluctuations.

Key words: frequency control, optimal operation, marginal substitution, automatic generation control (AGC)

中图分类号:

TM 76

魏江哲, 舒茂龙, 陈彦桥, 赵璐璐, 苏新凯, 刘牧阳. 考虑边际替代效应的火-储联合系统调频备用配置方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(5): 2117-2129.

Jiangzhe WEI, Maolong SHU, Yanqiao CHEN, Lulu ZHAO, Xinkai SU, Muyang LIU. Frequency regulation reserve allocation method for integrated thermal and energy storage systems considering the marginal substitution[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(5): 2117-2129.

图/表 16

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

表1

仿真系统模型参数"

项目	模型仿真参数	数值
火电机组	有功下垂系数 $R G$	0.5
	发电机调速器时间常数 $T G$	0.08 s
	汽轮机时间常数 $T M$	0.3 s

储能系统	爬坡时间常数 $T b$	0.01 s

等效系统	等效惯性常数M	10 MVA.s/MW
等效系统	阻尼系数 $D$	1.0 N/m

控制系统	频率偏差系数 $β$	21.0 MW/Hz
	PI控制器比例控制参数 $K P$	0.822
	PI控制器积分控制参数 $K I$	0.16

表1

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

表2

拟合精度"

拟合方法		RMSE
指数拟合	$ω = 1$	3.38607
指数拟合	$ω = 2$	1.39663
二次多项式拟合		6.70638
三次多项式拟合		2.87712
分段多项式拟合		0.03250

表2

图11

图12

图13

表3

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场景	配置指标	火电/储能容量/MW	总成本占比
场景1	ACE_RMSE=74.84	125/0	100%
场景2	MRS_POWER=1	64.53/43.68	71.28%
场景3	ACE_RMSE=74.84	65.70/40.85	70.94%

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考虑边际替代效应的火-储联合系统调频备用配置方法

Frequency regulation reserve allocation method for integrated thermal and energy storage systems considering the marginal substitution

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