相变微胶囊悬浮液自然分层型释冷特性及其参数研究

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1185

储能科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (6): 2256-2269.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1185

相变微胶囊悬浮液自然分层型释冷特性及其参数研究

程亚龙¹(), 梁坤峰¹, 周训¹^,²(), 刘苗苗¹, 吕钢欣¹, 宋乂天¹

^1.河南科技大学车辆与交通工程学院，河南洛阳 471003
^2.航空发动机热环境与热结构工信部重点实验室，江苏南京 210016

收稿日期:2024-12-12 修回日期:2024-12-20 出版日期:2025-06-28 发布日期:2025-06-27
通讯作者: 周训 E-mail:891047869@qq.com;zhouxun1990@126.com
作者简介:程亚龙（2000—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为新能源技术与热管理，E-mail：891047869@qq.com；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52378094);河南省科技发展计划项目(222102220033);洛阳市科技发展计划项目(2302035A);航空发动机热环境与热结构工信部重点实验室开放基金(CEPE2020027)

Natural stratification-based cooling characteristics of a microencapsulated phase-change material suspension and its parametric optimization study

Yalong CHENG¹(), Kunfeng LIANG¹, Xun ZHOU¹^,²(), Miaomiao LIU¹, Gangxin LYU¹, Yitian SONG¹

^1.School of Vehicle and Transport Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, Henan, China
^2.Aero-engine Thermal Environment and Structure Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, China

Received:2024-12-12 Revised:2024-12-20 Online:2025-06-28 Published:2025-06-27
Contact: Xun ZHOU E-mail:891047869@qq.com;zhouxun1990@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用相变微胶囊悬浮液(micro-encapsulated phase change material suspension，MPCMS)流动性佳、蓄冷密度高以及释冷过程温度平稳的优势，结合自然分层型蓄冷装置，构建了带有仿八角形散流器的圆柱形蓄冷罐三维瞬态模型。探究了质量分数为10%、20%和30%的MPCMS在不同流量下的自然分层释冷过程的温度迁移特性和散流器开孔数、开孔直径等对释冷过程的影响，进而提出采用喷嘴型散流器的优化策略，阐明了不同散流器结构参数对蓄冷罐斜温层厚度、散流器小孔区域温度场和出流速度的作用规律。结果表明：MPCMS作为自然分层型装置的蓄冷介质时，在释冷过程中会形成中间温度梯度大，两侧温度梯度小的斜温层区域，提高质量分数能抑制冷热流体掺混，其相变区间比热容增大有助于提升释冷与控温效能；MPCMS质量分数为10%和20%时，适当增加开孔数、选用10 mm直径散流器以及新型喷嘴型散流器可降低斜温层厚度，增强蓄冷性能；质量分数为30%时，变化开孔数与使用喷嘴型散流器与原散流器的差异不明显。本研究对推动MPCMS在自然分层型蓄冷装置中的应用以及为MPCMS储能技术研发提供科学依据具有积极意义。

关键词: 相变微胶囊悬浮液, 蓄冷特性, 斜温层, 散流器, 结构优化

Abstract:

This study exploits the advantages of microencapsulated phase-change material suspensions (MPCMSs), such as excellent flowability, high cooling storage density, and stable thermal behavior during cooling release. By integrating these properties into a natural stratification-based cooling storage system, a three-dimensional transient model of a cylindrical cold storage tank with a pseudo-octagonal diffuser was developed. This study investigates the cooling release and temperature distribution characteristics of MPCMSs with mass fractions of 10%, 20%, and 30% under different flow rates. The effects of the diffuser opening count and diameter on the cooling process were analyzed. An optimization strategy employing nozzle-type diffusers was proposed, and the influence of different diffuser structural parameters on the thermocline thickness, temperature fields in small-opening regions, and outflow velocity was examined.The results demonstrate that using MPCMS as the storage medium in a natural stratification-based system creates a thermocline with a steep temperature gradient at the center and smaller gradients at the sides. Higher mass fractions suppress hot-cold fluid mixing and increase the specific heat capacity in the phase-change region, enhancing the cooling release efficiency and temperature control. For 10% and 20% MPCMS mass fractions, increasing the number of openings, selecting a 10 mm diameter diffuser, and using a new nozzle-type diffuser reduce the thermocline thickness and improve cooling performance. However, at 30% mass fraction, variations in the number of openings and the use of nozzle-type diffusers compared with the original diffuser yield negligible differences in performance. This study provides valuable insights for advancing the application of MPCMS in natural stratification-based cooling systems and offers scientific support for optimizing MPCMS energy storage technology.

Key words: MPCMS, cold storage characteristics, thermocline, diffuser, structural optimization

中图分类号:

TK 02

程亚龙, 梁坤峰, 周训, 刘苗苗, 吕钢欣, 宋乂天. 相变微胶囊悬浮液自然分层型释冷特性及其参数研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(6): 2256-2269.

Yalong CHENG, Kunfeng LIANG, Xun ZHOU, Miaomiao LIU, Gangxin LYU, Yitian SONG. Natural stratification-based cooling characteristics of a microencapsulated phase-change material suspension and its parametric optimization study[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(6): 2256-2269.

图/表 18

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表2

工况参数"

参数	质量分数 $ω$
	工况1			工况2			工况3
	10%	20%	30%	10%	20%	30%	10%	20%	30%
流量 $Q$ /(m³/h)	12.56			8.37			6.28
释冷时间 $t$ /h	1			1.5			2
入口流速 $v i n$ /(m/s)	0.61732			0.41153			0.30864
开孔个数	12			12			12
开孔直径/mm	8			8			8

表2

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项目名称	数值
入口温度/K	303
出口温度/K	296
重力加速度/(m/s²)	9.81
蓄冷介质	MPCMS
黏度模型	Laminar flow
入口类型	Inlet-velocity
出口类型	Pressure-out

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相变微胶囊悬浮液自然分层型释冷特性及其参数研究

Natural stratification-based cooling characteristics of a microencapsulated phase-change material suspension and its parametric optimization study

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