储能与数字化技术融合的行业应用维度与范式化构型

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0037

储能科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (3): 1070-1086.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0037

储能与数字化技术融合的行业应用维度与范式化构型

刘义达¹^,²(), 赵力¹, 陈瑞华¹, 张斌²

^1.天津大学，先进内燃动力全国重点实验室，天津 300350
^2.山东电力工程咨询院有限公司，熔盐储换热与多能互补济南市工程研究中心，山东济南 250013

收稿日期:2025-01-09 修回日期:2025-01-22 出版日期:2025-03-28 发布日期:2025-04-28
通讯作者: 刘义达 E-mail:liuyida@spic.com.cn
作者简介:刘义达（1987—），男，正高级工程师，研究方向为太阳能热发电技术、先进能源动力系统优化设计技术，E-mail：liuyida@spic.com.cn。
基金资助:
山东省技术创新项目(202350101027);国家电力投资集团C类课题(37-K2022-016)

Industrial application dimensions and formal configuration of the integration of energy storage and digital technology

Yida LIU¹^,²(), Li ZHAO¹, Ruihua CHEN¹, Bin ZHANG²

^1.State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
^2.Jinan Engineering Research Center of Multienergy Complementation and Heat Storage & Heat Exchange with Molten Salt, Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Co. , Ltd. , Jinan 250013, Shandong, China

Received:2025-01-09 Revised:2025-01-22 Online:2025-03-28 Published:2025-04-28
Contact: Yida LIU E-mail:liuyida@spic.com.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

信息化和工业化的两化融合是推动储能技术跨行业应用的重要手段。储能产业链的维度包括储能元器件生产制造的纵向产业延伸和能量产配转用储的横向行业应用。储能与数字化技术的融合可提高能量管理的节能、智能化和灵活性水平。本文总结了机械储能、电化学储能、储热、储氢等储能技术在数字化创新方面的发展动向，分析了储能的时间、空间和信息三个属性，以及数字化创新在储能跨行业耦合中的作用，绘制了储能产业链的数智创新图谱，其中，纵向产业延伸视角面向的是储能材料、部件、装置及系统的制造行业，横向行业应用视角面向的是储能场站的建造及其投资运营。基于横向行业应用视角，梳理了储能与能源互联网协同发展的路线图。分别以一维集中式、二维跨工业行业、三维跨互联网行业为特征，总结了面向点、线、面三种场景应用的储能构型范式，剖析了在三种场景下储能技术创新应用的特点。其中，根据线场景的“X+Y+储能”的范式，推演提出了带有燃料储能的风光热储系统。面向太阳能热发电应用的长时热储能，与面向新型热机设备(如碳中和燃料内燃机、燃气轮机、燃料电池等)应用的电制燃料储能相结合，可以实现多尺度时域空域的协同。本文总结了储能技术在数字化融合中的发展路径，提出了“风光热质储”系统构型，该模式可显著提升多能协同的供能稳定性。

关键词: 能源互联网, 信息物理融合, 虚拟能厂, 多站合一, 燃料储能

Abstract:

The integration of informatization and industrialization is a key approach to advancing the cross-industry application of energy storage technology. The energy storage industry chain encompasses the vertical extension of production and manufacturing of energy storage components and the horizontal application across energy production, distribution, conversion, and storage. Integrating energy storage with digital technology enhances energy conservation, intelligence, and flexibility in industrial energy management. This study briefly introduces the development trends of energy storage technologies, including mechanical, electrochemical, thermal, and hydrogen storage, in digital innovation. It analyzes the temporal, spatial, and informational attributes of energy storage, highlighting the role of digital innovation in cross-industry coupling. A digital intelligence innovation map of the energy storage industry chain is developed, presenting two perspectives: the vertical extension focuses on manufacturing energy storage materials, components, devices, and systems, while the horizontal application perspective addresses the construction, investment, and operation of energy storage stations. From the horizontal application perspective, a roadmap for the coordinated development of energy storage and the energy internet is outlined. Characterized by one-dimensional centralized, two-dimensional cross-industry, and three-dimensional cross-internet applications, this study summarizes energy storage configuration paradigms for point, line, and plane applications and analyzes their characteristics in respective scenarios. Based on the "X + Y + energy storage" paradigm of the line scenario, a wind-solar-thermal-storage system supplemented by fuel energy storage is proposed. The combination of long-term thermal energy storage for solar thermal power generation applications and electric fuel energy storage for emerging heat engine applications—such as carbon-neutral fuel internal combustion engines, gas turbines, and fuel cells-enables multiscale temporal and spatial collaboration. This study summarizes the development path of energy storage technology in digital fusion and introduces a "wind-solar-thermal-mass-storage" system configuration, which substantially improves the stability of multienergy collaboration.

Key words: energy internet, cyber-physical system, virtual energy plant, multistation integration, fuel energy storage

中图分类号:

TK 02

刘义达, 赵力, 陈瑞华, 张斌. 储能与数字化技术融合的行业应用维度与范式化构型[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2025, 14(3): 1070-1086.

Yida LIU, Li ZHAO, Ruihua CHEN, Bin ZHANG. Industrial application dimensions and formal configuration of the integration of energy storage and digital technology[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(3): 1070-1086.

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储能类型	全球装机规模占比^[1]	国内外工程应用典型特点	数字化技术的应用加速储能形式之间的融合进程，推动跨行业耦合
机械储能	67.38%	抽水蓄能^[11-16]，压缩空气储能^[17]，压缩二氧化碳储能^[18]与飞轮储能^[19-20]之间相对独立地开展示范应用	应用于虚拟电厂的三元抽水蓄能机组^[15,21]；基于需求侧管理的压缩空气灵活生产计划与控制(PPC)^[22]，飞轮储能辅助火电、风电的一次和二次调频
电化学储能	31.19%	电化学储能的跨部门应用^[23-30]	建筑、交通、工业等行业的“再电气化”^[24]，电动汽车^[25-26]、换电站^[27-28]、动力电池的梯次回收^[29]、基于电池网络的大规模分布式储能^[30]
储热	>1.4%	储热与可再生能源的耦合^[31-33]	智能楼宇中热储和电储系统的优化配置^[34], 大型多热源供热的热网的管控平台^[35]
其他(含储氢等)	<0.03%	氢能的跨部门应用，超级电容应用于柔性储能器件	制氢储氢^[36-38]，氢能源汽车，煤制氢^[39]，基于碳交易的光热电站和氢储能的联储联供^[40]，可穿戴电子设备^[41-44]

项目	热电分产	热电联产	水热电气多站合一
产品种类	电力、热力	电力、热力	电力、热力、压缩空气、淡水等
其中，集中供应的产品	电力	电力、热力	电力、热力、压缩空气、淡水等
场站总占地	大，有分散的小锅炉房	较大。如需供应压缩空气则需分散的小压缩空气站	小，各项供能均采用集中式的场站
能耗	高	较高	低
碳排放	高	较高	低
运维人员	多	较多	少
数字化集中管控程度	低	较高	高
发电灵活性	低	低	高

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[2]	陈朋, 周鹏鹏, 李志勇, 郝正航, 张彦兵, 李蕾. 多元用户互动的能源互联网硬件在环仿真[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(4): 1168-1175.

储能与数字化技术融合的行业应用维度与范式化构型

Industrial application dimensions and formal configuration of the integration of energy storage and digital technology

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