储能科学与技术 ›› 2017, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (6): 1239-.doi: 10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2016.0111

• 进展与评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

热电储能技术及二氧化碳在其中的应用

王冠邦，张信荣   

  1. 北京大学工学院，北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-30 修回日期:2017-02-13 出版日期:2017-11-01 发布日期:2017-11-01
  • 通讯作者: 张信荣，教授，主要研究方向为工程热物理与可再生式热能源，E-mail：xrzhang@pku.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:王冠邦（1994—），男，博士研究生，主要研究方向为工程热物理与新型能源系统，E-mail：coewgb@pku.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0400106）

Thermoelectric energy storage system and applications using CO2 cycles

WANG Guanbang, ZHANG Xinrong   

  1. College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Received:2016-12-30 Revised:2017-02-13 Online:2017-11-01 Published:2017-11-01

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摘要： 热电储能系统将多余的电能以热能的形式存储，在需要时通过Brayton循环、Rankine循环等动力循环利用存储的热能做功发电，多种循环工质在该技术中的应用被广泛研究，二氧化碳作为循环工质是目前该技术的研发热点。介绍了热电储能技术的基本原理，指出系统的循环效率受循环工质与储热、储冷介质间的热匹配性及涡轮机械的等熵效率影响。概述了包括水、空气、氩、氨及有机物在内的循环工质的应用情况，重点分析了以二氧化碳作为循环工质的热电储能系统，包括系统设计、系统性能及优化、系统实现，最后通过与压缩空气储能的对比分析了热电储能技术的发展前景。热电储能既不依赖于地理条件和化石燃料的燃烧，也具有储能规模大、工作时间长、投资成本低及循环效率高等优点，具有广阔的发展前景。

关键词: 热电储能, 二氧化碳, Brayton循环, Rankine循环

Abstract:

A thermoelectric energy storage (TEES) system stores electricity in thermal form and the thermal energy converts back to electricity by a Brayton cycle, Rankine cycle or other power cycles during the discharge period. Various working fluids coupled with heat and cold storage mediums have been studied extensively and the use of CO2 as the working fluid is a hot topic in TEES system. This paper first explains the principle of TEES system and examines the effects of thermal integration between the working fluid and the heat and cold storage mediums as well as the isentropic efficiency of turbomachinery on the system round trip efficiency. Applications of different working fluids are then discussed including water, air, argon, ammonia and organic chemicals, and the focus is on systems with CO2 as the working fluid, including system design, system performance study and optimizations, and system realization. Finally, the TEES system is compared with compressed air energy storage (CAES) technology. It is concluded that the TEES not only is independent on the geographical conditions and the use of fossil fuels, but also has a large storage capacity, a long life span, a low capital cost and a high round trip efficiency.

Key words: thermoelectric energy storage, carbon dioxide, Brayton cycle, Rankine cycle