储能科学与技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (2): 294-300.doi: 10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2017.0153

• 研究开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

四氟硼酸螺环季铵盐的合成及其超级电容性能

朱计划，杨倩韵，刘芝婷，杨  伟，陈  姚，于欣伟，张  庆   

  1. 广州大学化学化工学院，广东 广州 510006
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-18 修回日期:2017-11-23 出版日期:2018-03-01 发布日期:2018-03-01
  • 通讯作者: 于欣伟，教授，主要研究方向为电子化学品，E-mail：yxw-gzdx@163.com。
  • 作者简介:朱计划（1992—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为电子化学品，E-mail：497691268@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省教育厅青年创新人才类项目（2016KQNCX125）。

Synthesis and supercapacitor performance of spiro quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate

ZHU JiHua, YANG Qianyun, LIU Zhiting, YANG Wei, CHEN Yao, YU Xinwei, ZHANG Qing   

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2017-10-18 Revised:2017-11-23 Online:2018-03-01 Published:2018-03-01

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摘要： 以1, 4-二溴丁烷、无水碳酸钾、吗啡啉为原料制得中间体溴代螺环季铵盐（SQA-Br），再与四氟硼酸在乙醇溶剂中通过离子交换法得到产物四氟硼酸螺环季铵盐（SQA-BF4）。利用FTIR、LC-MS、NMR、TG表征产品的化学组成和热稳定性。结果表明，制得产品为目标产物SQA-BF4，其热分解温度为382℃，具有良好的热稳定性。以产物SQA-BF4作为电解质，活性炭作为电极，组装成超级电容器，测试其电化学性能并与常用的四乙基四氟硼酸铵（Et4NBF4）电解质进行对比。研究发现，SQA-BF4比Et4NBF4具有更加优异的电化学性能，以其作为电解质的超级电容器的电压窗口可达3.0 V，比电容可达18.5 F/g，能量密度高达83.4 W·h/kg。

关键词: 溴代螺环季铵盐, 四氟硼酸螺环季铵盐, 电化学性能, 超级电容器

Abstract:

 Spiro quaternary ammonium bromide was synthesized with 1, 4-dibromobutane, anhydrous potassium carbonate, and morpholine employed as starting materials, and serves as the intermediate for the preparation of spiro quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate (SQA-BF4) by an anion exchange method. The chemical composition and thermal stability of the as-prepared product were studied by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), liquid chromatography-mass spectrum (LC-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). It is revealed that the as-synthesized product is SQA-BF4, which shows high thermal stability (up to 382℃ in N2). When used as the electrolyte for supercapacitors, SQA-BF4 shows better electrochemical properties than the common tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate electrolyte. The supercapacitor fabricated with active electrodes and SQA-BF4 electrolyte operates in a wide potential window of 0～3 V, exhibits high specific capacitance of 18.5 F·g-1, and delivers a high energy density of 83.4 W·h·kg1

Key words: quaternary ammonium bromide, spiro quaternary ammonium tetrafluoroborate, electrochemical properties, supercapacitor