Experimental and performance study of spray heat transfer-based compressed air quasi-isothermal expansion system

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2022.0672

Abstract

Abstract:

Compressed air energy storage (CAES) can improve the reliability of power transmission to a certain extent. It is one of the most promising energy storage technologies at present, but the low-efficiency working cycle of the system limits its further development. Therefore, to improve the working cycle efficiency of the system, the working process of the CAES system is studied. For that aspect, injecting high-temperature water mist into compressed air is used to enhance the heat exchange between air and water mist, resulting in quasi-isothermal gas expansion. First, a mathematical model of quasi-isothermal expansion of compressed air is established. Second, a spray heat transfer-based quasi-isothermal expansion system of compressed air was built to conduct relevant experimental research, and the mathematical model was verified. Finally, to obtain the related performance of the compressed air quasi-isothermal expansion system, the mathematical model is used to simulate and study the changes in the air pressure and temperature in the cylinder, the parameters that affect the output work, and the energy release efficiency of the system. Compared with the adiabatic expansion, when the inlet pressure is 1 MPa, the maximum temperature difference of the air in the quasi-isothermal expansion cylinder is only 14.4% of the adiabatic expansion, the system output power increases by 147 J, and the energy release efficiency increases by 19.24%. When the spray pressure is 6 MPa and the intake pressure is 0.5 MPa, the energy release efficiency of the system can reach 81.41%. This study theoretically supports the spray heat transfer-based quasi-isothermal expansion of compressed air.

Key words: spray heat transfer, compressed air energy storage, quasi-isothermal expansion, energy release efficiency

CLC Number:

TK-9

Qihui YU, Zhigang WEI, Guoxin SUN, Liang LU. Experimental and performance study of spray heat transfer-based compressed air quasi-isothermal expansion system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(3): 878-888.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Table 1

Fig. 4

Table 2

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Table 3

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

Fig. 12

Fig. 13

Table 4

Fig. 14

References 27

1	丁志康, 王维俊, 米红菊, 等. 新能源发电系统中储能技术现状与分析[J]. 当代化工, 2020, 49(7): 1519-1522.
	DING Z K, WANG W J, MI H J, et al. Current situation and analysis of energy storage technology in new energy power generation system[J]. Contemporary Chemical Industry, 2020, 49(7): 1519-1522.
2	周喜超. 电力储能技术发展现状及走向分析[J]. 热力发电, 2020, 49(8): 7-12.
	ZHOU X C. Development status and trend analysis of electric energy storage technology[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2020, 49(8): 7-12.
3	DE SISTERNES F J, JENKINS J D, BOTTERUD A. The value of energy storage in decarbonizing the electricity sector[J]. Applied Energy, 2016, 175: 368-379.
4	BUDT M, WOLF D, SPAN R, et al. A review on compressed air energy storage: Basic principles, past milestones and recent developments[J]. Applied Energy, 2016, 170: 250-268.
5	何子伟, 罗马吉, 涂正凯. 等温压缩空气储能技术综述[J]. 热能动力工程, 2018, 33(2): 1-6.
	HE Z W, LUO M J, TU Z K. Survey of the isothermal compressed air energy storage technologies[J]. Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power, 2018, 33(2): 1-6.
6	QIN C, LOTH E. Liquid piston compression efficiency with droplet heat transfer[J]. Applied Energy, 2014, 114: 539-550.
7	何青, 王珂. 等温压缩空气储能技术及其研究进展[J]. 热力发电, 2022(8): 11-19.
	HE Q, WANG K. Research progress of isothermal compressed air energy storage technology[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2022(8): 11-19.
8	IGOBO O N, DAVIES P A. Review of low-temperature vapour power cycle engines with quasi-isothermal expansion[J]. Energy, 2014, 70: 22-34.
9	李敏. 活塞式压缩机喷水内冷却的实验研究[J]. 流体工程, 1993(7): 10-13, 63.
	LI M. Experimental research of internal water-spray cooling in reciprocating compressor[J]. Fluid Machinery, 1993(7): 10-13, 63.
10	ZHANG C, LI P Y, VAN DE VEN J D, et al. Design analysis of a liquid-piston compression chamber with application to compressed air energy storage[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016, 101: 704-709.
11	RICE A T, LI P Y, SANCKENS C J. Optimal efficiency-power tradeoff for an air compressor/expander[J]. Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, 2018, 140(2): doi: 10.1115/1.4037652.
12	MCBRIDE T O, BOLLINGER B, BESSETTE J, et al. Systems and methods for foam-based heat exchange during energy storage and recovery using compressed gas: US20130074941[P]. 2013-03-28.
13	PATIL V C, RO P I. Experimental study of heat transfer enhancement in liquid piston compressor using aqueous foam[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2020, 164: doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2019.114441.
14	CHENG W L, ZHANG W W, CHEN H, et al. Spray cooling and flash evaporation cooling: The Current development and application[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016, 55: 614-628.
15	ZHANG X J, XU Y J, ZHOU X Z, et al. A near-isothermal expander for isothermal compressed air energy storage system[J]. Applied Energy, 2018, 225: 955-964.
16	YU Q H, LI X D, GENG Y Q, et al. Study on quasi-isothermal expansion process of compressed air based on spray heat transfer[J]. Energy Reports, 2022, 8: 1995-2007.
17	YU Q H, WANG Q C, TAN X, et al. Water spray heat transfer gas compression for compressed air energy system[J]. Renewable Energy, 2021, 179: 1106-1121.
18	蔡茂林, 孙珺朋, 张波, 等. 单缸气动发动机的数学建模与实验验证[J]. 液压与气动, 2015(9): 85-88.
	CAI M L, SUN J P, ZHANG B, et al. Modelling and experimental verification of a single-cylinder compressed air engine[J]. Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2015(9): 85-88.
19	DIB G, HABERSCHILL P, RULLIÈRE R, et al. Thermodynamic investigation of quasi-isothermal air compression/expansion for energy storage[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2021, 235: doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114027.
20	蔡茂林. 现代气动技术理论与实践第一讲: 气动元件的流量特性[J]. 液压气动与密封, 2007, 27(2): 44-48.
	CAI M L. Theory and practice of modern pneumatic technology lecture 1: Flow characteristics of pneumatic components[J]. Hydraulics Pneumatics & Seals, 2007, 27(2): 44-48.
21	ODUKOMAIYA A, ABU-HEIBA A, GLUESENKAMP K R, et al. Thermal analysis of near-isothermal compressed gas energy storage system[J]. Applied Energy, 2016, 179: 948-960.
22	CHEN H, PENG Y H, WANG Y L, et al. Thermodynamic analysis of an open type isothermal compressed air energy storage system based on hydraulic pump/turbine and spray cooling[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2020, 204: doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2019.112293.
23	ZHAO P, LAI Y Q, XU W P, et al. Performance investigation of a novel near-isothermal compressed air energy storage system with stable power output[J]. International Journal of Energy Research, 2020, 44(14): 11135-11151.
24	刘乃玲, 张旭, 杨建坤. 压力式细雾喷嘴流量特性实验研究[J]. 暖通空调, 2005, 35(9): 119-121.
	LIU N L, ZHANG X, YANG J K. Experimental research on flow rate characteristics of fine mist pressure nozzles[J]. Hv & Ac, 2005, 35(9): 119-121.
25	李豪豪. 气缸密封圈动态摩擦特性仿真及试验研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2019.
	LI H H. Simulation and experimental study on dynamic friction characteristics of cylinder seal[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2019.
26	王佳, 贾冠伟, 许未晴, 等. 微米级水雾准等温压缩方法的能耗分析[J]. 液压与气动, 2018(6): 113-118.
	WANG J, JIA G W, XU W Q, et al. Energy consumption analysis of quasi-isothermal compression method for micron-sized water spray[J]. Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics, 2018(6): 113-118.
27	HOU X C, ZHANG H G, YU F, et al. Free piston expander-linear generator used for organic Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system[J]. Applied Energy, 2017, 208: 1297-1307.

设备	型号	误差	厂家
储气罐	VBAT10A1-U-X104	—	SMC
气缸	SC-100X125	—	SNS
电气比例阀	ITV3050-043CS	±0.2 kPa	SMC
阀V1	VT325-035G	—	SMC
阀V2、V3	VX232MA	—	SMC
阀V4	CVSE2-20A-70-02HB-3	—	CKD
水雾发生器	PC-2801	—	苏州海景
恒温箱	HS-601A	—	齐威
水雾分离器	AF30-03B-A	—	SMC
喷嘴	—	—	—
压力传感器	PR-25	±0.5%	Keller
磁栅尺	MB500-10-0.05-ST-1.5-TM-AM-0	±35 μm	SIKO
测控系统	PLC	—	西门子

参数	准等温膨胀	绝热膨胀
气缸直径/m	0.1	0.1
气缸行程/m	0.125	0.125
活塞杆直径/m	0.025	0.025
环境压力/MPa	0.1	0.1
环境温度/K	293	293
进气压力/MPa	0.4	0.4
进气温度/K	293	293
水雾温度/K	363	—
水雾直径/m	8×10^-5	—
水雾压力/MPa	6	—

参数	绝热膨胀	准等温膨胀
气缸直径/m	0.1	0.1
气缸行程/m	0.125	0.125
进气压力/MPa	1	1
进气温度/K	293	293
大气压力/MPa	0.1	0.1
大气温度/K	293	293
水雾温度/K	—	373
水雾直径/m	—	5×10^-5
水雾压力/MPa	—	6

进气压力 /MPa	喷雾压力 /MPa	喷嘴直径 /mm	等温功 /J	输出功 /J	释能效率 /%
0.5	6	0.5	382	311	81.41
0.6	6	0.5	458	365	79.70
0.7	6	0.5	535	415	77.57
0.8	6	0.5	611	462	75.61
0.9	6	0.5	688	505	73.40
1	6	0.5	764	547	71.60

[1]	WU Yuting, KOU Zhenfeng, ZHANG Cancan, WU Yiyang. Analysis of the dynamic distribution parameters of a solid sodium chloride column heat exchanger [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(6): 1988-1995.
[2]	Di LIU, Tiantian ZHANG, Yuwei PENG, Xiaomei TANG, Dan WANG, Chengxiong MAO. Shaft modeling and oscillation analysis for expansion process of compressed air energy storage system [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(2): 563-572.
[3]	Qi XIA, Yang HE, Yujie XU, Haisheng CHEN, Jianqiang DENG. Matching performance between the trigeneration of an adiabatic compressed air energy storage system and load [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1494-1502.
[4]	Dingzhang GUO, Zhao YIN, Xuezhi ZHOU, Yujie XU, Yong SHENG, Wenhui SUO, Haisheng CHEN. Status and prospect of gas storage device in compressed air energy storage system [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1486-1493.
[5]	Shenghui ZHOU, Yang HE, Haisheng CHEN, Yujie XU, Jianqiang DENG. Using an ejector to intensify the charging process of a compressed air energy storage system [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1503-1513.
[6]	Yang LI, Xinjing ZHANG, Jianfei SONG, Xiaoyu LI, Huan GUO, Yujie XU, Haisheng CHEN. Dynamic regulation and control of the discharge process in compressed air energy storage system [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1514-1523.
[7]	Xing WANG, Wen LI, Yangli ZHU, Zhitao ZUO, Haisheng CHEN. Optimal design and flow loss reduction mechanism of bowed guide vane in a CAES axial flow turbine [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1524-1535.
[8]	Ran XU, Zhitao ZUO, Ao LI, Xia WANG, Ming CHEN, Haisheng CHEN. Water evolution characteristics of piston compressors under varying operating conditions based on the moisture separation coefficient [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1556-1564.
[9]	Shan HU, Chang LIU, Yujie XU, Haisheng CHEN, Huan GUO. Thermo-economic analysis of compressed air energy storage under peak load shaving condition [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1607-1613.
[10]	Qihui YU, Li TIAN, Xiaofei LI, Xiaodong LI, Xin TAN, Yeming ZHANG. Compressed air energy storage capacity configuration and economic evaluation considering the uncertainty of wind energy [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(5): 1614-1623.
[11]	Xiaolu WANG, Huan GUO, Hualiang ZHANG, Yujie XU, Yingjun LIU, Haisheng CHEN. Analysis of energy coupling characteristics between cogeneration units and compressed air energy storage integrated systems in thermal power plants [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(2): 598-610.
[12]	Zhongming JIANG, Jing GUO, Dong TANG. A thermodynamic model of compressed humid air within an underground rock cavern for compressed air energy storage [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(2): 638-646.
[13]	Fa WAN, Zhongming JIANG, Dong TANG. The influence of CAES reservoir design parameters on thermodynamic properties [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(1): 370-378.
[14]	Lei HOU, Zichi WANG, Yingchao LI, Saihao WANG, Yajie ZHANG, Yusen ZHANG. Analysis and multi-objective optimization of CAES system [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(1): 379-384.
[15]	Xuqing YANG, Zhenzhu YU, Xiaohu YANG, Zhan LIU. Combined heating and power system coupled with compressed air energy storage and absorption heat pump cycle [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(1): 362-369.