Energy management and control strategy for grid-connected frequency regulation flywheel energy storage systems

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.1073

Abstract

Abstract:

The flywheel energy storage system (FESS) is becoming increasingly important in power grid frequency regulation owing to its fast response speed, high energy conversion efficiency, high energy density, long service life, and eco-friendly properties. At present, the power and energy output of a single flywheel are insufficient to fully support frequency fluctuations in the power grid. To compensate, it is necessary to combine multiple flywheels in parallel, forming an array for frequency modulation response. This study addresses two critical challenges in FESS operation during grid connection: uneven energy distribution among flywheel units and poor bus voltage stability in grid-integrated control systems. To resolve these issues, a power allocation method for the flywheel array and a coordinated control strategy for flywheel units are proposed. These strategies ensure consistent operation across all flywheel units while adhering to the power and capacity limits of the FESS. The proposed approach includes a DC bus voltage outer loop control strategy based on linear active disturbance rejection control and a current inner loop control strategy using model predictive control. Model development on both the motor and grid sides of the FESS is conducted to analyze the system's overall control performance. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed energy management and control strategies for grid-connected FESS operations.

Key words: flywheel energy storage system, power allocation strategy, motor-grid coordination control, operational consistency

CLC Number:

TK 02

Qingxiang XU, Wei TENG, Run QIN, Shunyi SONG, Yibing LIU, Shuangyin LIANG. Energy management and control strategy for grid-connected frequency regulation flywheel energy storage systems[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(5): 2013-2022.

Figures/Tables 16

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Table 1

Table of flywheel unit parameter"

模块类型	参数名称	参数值
三相异步电机模块	额定功率P/kW	250
	额定频率f/Hz	120
	最低转速n_min/(r/min)	3600
	最高转速n_max/(r/min)	11500
	转子电阻R_r/ $Ω$	0.0028
	定子电阻R_S/ $Ω$	0.0034
	转子电感L_r/H	0.0012539
	定子电感L_s/H	0.0012460
	定转子等效互感L_m/H	0.0012
	极对数n_p	2

飞轮转子	转动惯量J/kg·m²	250

变流器模块	直流母线电压/V	650
	直流电容/F	0.05
	开关频率/Hz	20000

Table 1

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