Industrial application dimensions and formal configuration of the integration of energy storage and digital technology

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0037

Abstract

Abstract:

The integration of informatization and industrialization is a key approach to advancing the cross-industry application of energy storage technology. The energy storage industry chain encompasses the vertical extension of production and manufacturing of energy storage components and the horizontal application across energy production, distribution, conversion, and storage. Integrating energy storage with digital technology enhances energy conservation, intelligence, and flexibility in industrial energy management. This study briefly introduces the development trends of energy storage technologies, including mechanical, electrochemical, thermal, and hydrogen storage, in digital innovation. It analyzes the temporal, spatial, and informational attributes of energy storage, highlighting the role of digital innovation in cross-industry coupling. A digital intelligence innovation map of the energy storage industry chain is developed, presenting two perspectives: the vertical extension focuses on manufacturing energy storage materials, components, devices, and systems, while the horizontal application perspective addresses the construction, investment, and operation of energy storage stations. From the horizontal application perspective, a roadmap for the coordinated development of energy storage and the energy internet is outlined. Characterized by one-dimensional centralized, two-dimensional cross-industry, and three-dimensional cross-internet applications, this study summarizes energy storage configuration paradigms for point, line, and plane applications and analyzes their characteristics in respective scenarios. Based on the "X + Y + energy storage" paradigm of the line scenario, a wind-solar-thermal-storage system supplemented by fuel energy storage is proposed. The combination of long-term thermal energy storage for solar thermal power generation applications and electric fuel energy storage for emerging heat engine applications—such as carbon-neutral fuel internal combustion engines, gas turbines, and fuel cells-enables multiscale temporal and spatial collaboration. This study summarizes the development path of energy storage technology in digital fusion and introduces a "wind-solar-thermal-mass-storage" system configuration, which substantially improves the stability of multienergy collaboration.

Key words: energy internet, cyber-physical system, virtual energy plant, multistation integration, fuel energy storage

CLC Number:

TK 02

Yida LIU, Li ZHAO, Ruihua CHEN, Bin ZHANG. Industrial application dimensions and formal configuration of the integration of energy storage and digital technology[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(3): 1070-1086.

Figures/Tables 7

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储能类型	全球装机规模占比^[1]	国内外工程应用典型特点	数字化技术的应用加速储能形式之间的融合进程，推动跨行业耦合
机械储能	67.38%	抽水蓄能^[11-16]，压缩空气储能^[17]，压缩二氧化碳储能^[18]与飞轮储能^[19-20]之间相对独立地开展示范应用	应用于虚拟电厂的三元抽水蓄能机组^[15,21]；基于需求侧管理的压缩空气灵活生产计划与控制(PPC)^[22]，飞轮储能辅助火电、风电的一次和二次调频
电化学储能	31.19%	电化学储能的跨部门应用^[23-30]	建筑、交通、工业等行业的“再电气化”^[24]，电动汽车^[25-26]、换电站^[27-28]、动力电池的梯次回收^[29]、基于电池网络的大规模分布式储能^[30]
储热	>1.4%	储热与可再生能源的耦合^[31-33]	智能楼宇中热储和电储系统的优化配置^[34], 大型多热源供热的热网的管控平台^[35]
其他(含储氢等)	<0.03%	氢能的跨部门应用，超级电容应用于柔性储能器件	制氢储氢^[36-38]，氢能源汽车，煤制氢^[39]，基于碳交易的光热电站和氢储能的联储联供^[40]，可穿戴电子设备^[41-44]

项目	热电分产	热电联产	水热电气多站合一
产品种类	电力、热力	电力、热力	电力、热力、压缩空气、淡水等
其中，集中供应的产品	电力	电力、热力	电力、热力、压缩空气、淡水等
场站总占地	大，有分散的小锅炉房	较大。如需供应压缩空气则需分散的小压缩空气站	小，各项供能均采用集中式的场站
能耗	高	较高	低
碳排放	高	较高	低
运维人员	多	较多	少
数字化集中管控程度	低	较高	高
发电灵活性	低	低	高

[1]	Juan PANG, Jinling SUN. Discussion on the application and economic benefits of distributed energy storage systems on the basis of energy interconnection [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2025, 14(2): 868-870.
[2]	Peng CHEN, Pengpeng ZHOU, Zhiyong LI, Zhenghang HAO, Yanbing ZHANG, Lei LI. HIL simulation of energy internet based on multiuser interaction [J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(4): 1168-1175.