Fundamental scientific aspects of lithium batteries (Ⅱ)--Defect chemistry in battery materials

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4239.2013.02.010

Abstract

Abstract: Defect chemistry plays an important role in many aspects of electrode and electrolyte materials for Li-ion battery, particularly physical and chemical properties, rational design and optimization. In this article, the influence of defects on electrode materials properties and performance is mainly discussed. This includes defect formation, characterization, thermodynamics and electrochemistry. Taking olivine LiFePO₄ as an example, the impacts of defects are discussed based on the first-principles and spherical aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) investigation. It is shown that element substitution/doping is able to enhance electronic conductivity and block the transport of Li ions due to its one-dimensional diffusion feature. It is also found that point defects could aggregate to form defect clusters or superstructures in a LiFePO₄structure. In addition, the voltage profile of nanostructured material could deviate from that of the bulk materials.

Key words: defect chemistry, electrode materials, LiFePO4, electrochemistry, Li-ion batteries

CLC Number:

O646.21

LU Xia, LI Hong. Fundamental scientific aspects of lithium batteries (Ⅱ)--Defect chemistry in battery materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2013, 2(2): 157-164.

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