Optimization method of fast charging buses charging strategy for complex operating environment

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2019.0140

Abstract

Abstract:

Pure electric buses have gradually become the main mode of urban public transport in China. One of the key issues associated with this development is how to provide rapid and timely electric power supply for the electric buses while avoiding the potential safety and economic impacts associated with a power grid system. This study proposes a charging strategy optimization method for pure electric buses using a double-level optimization model and a rolling optimization method while considering multiple factors that affect the charging strategy in a complex operating environment. First, this study establishes a two-tier optimization model for rapidly charging pure electric buses, aiming to minimize the costs associated with the charging and battery loss. The upper tier predicts a forecast charging plan for pure electric buses based on the expected full load rate, traffic index and time-of-use electricity cost. The lower tier is the model-dispatching level, which performs rolling optimization of the forecasted charging plan according to the real-time operation data. The MATLAB simulation results reveal that the proposed method can effectively optimize the pure electric bus charging process, improve the economy of rapid charging, and reduce the impact of concentrated charging of a large number of pure electric buses on the power grid.

Key words: pure electric bus, coordinated charging, two-layer optimization model, intermittent charging, rolling optimization, charging costs

CLC Number:

U 469.72

ZHOU Dan, REN Zhiwei, SUN Ke, CHEN Xixiang, ZHENG Weimin. Optimization method of fast charging buses charging strategy for complex operating environment[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(1): 195-203.

Figures/Tables 16

Table 1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 2

Vehicle parameter list"

名称	参数
电池总量B	324 kW $?$ h
满载时每公里能耗E'	1.6 kW $?$ h/km
空车质量 $m 0$	14500 kg
线路长度L	50 km
道路通畅时平均单圈运行时间T'	1 h
电池购置成本M_bat	20万元
SOC_max	0.8
SOC_min	0.2
额定载客量	50人

Table 2

Table 3

Time-of-use price information"

时间段	电价/元 $?$ （kW $?$ h）^-1
0：00—8：00	0.365
8：00—12：00	0.869
12：00—14：00	0.488
14：00—17：00	0.488
17：00—21：00	0.869
21：00—24：00	0.365

Table 3

Fig.4

Table 4

Table 5

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Table 6

Disorderly charge and rolling optimization"

分时电价	滚动优化	无序充电
峰电价时段/ $k W ? h$	1029.5	1960.2
平电价时段/ $k W ? h$	1563.25	1020.6
谷电价时段/ $k W ? h$	388.05	0
合计/ $k W ? h$	2980.8	2980.8

Table 6

Fig.10

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交通指数	对应情况	耗时系数α
0～2	畅通	0
2～4	基本畅通	0.08
4～6	轻度拥堵	0.17
6～8	中度拥堵	0.25
8～10	严重拥堵	≥0.25