Dynamic characteristics of compressed air energy storage system

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0181

Abstract

Abstract:

Renewable energy is aimed to be the main part of a new electrical system to support the strategic goal of "Carbon Peak, Carbon Neutrality"; however, due to the drawbacks of intermittence, fluctuation, and periodicity of renewable energy, large-scale, long-duration energy storage systems urgently need to improve the quality and flexibility of renewable energy. Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is considered one of the most promising large-scale long-duration energy storage technologies with high efficiency, low cost, and environment-friendly merits. Generally, the CAES system utilizes constant-volume storage caverns. Thus, the charging and discharging processes are under dynamic conditions, especially the storage pressure. Various CAES operation modes, including dynamic component features, are investigated due to the dynamic pressure conditions and system modeling. Similarly, the operation characteristics and performance of both component-level and system-level are analyzed. The results show that the combination of constant pressure and sliding pressure mode in the discharging process, and enlarging the pressure range of the air chamber, can improve the round-trip efficiency and energy density of the TS-CAES system, which are 73.98% and 26.49 MJ/m³, respectively, at the discharging time of 6 hours.

Key words: compressed air energy storage, dynamic characteristics, constant-pressure operation, sliding-pressure operation, system performance

CLC Number:

TK 02

Xiaoxia SUN, Zhonghua GUI, Ziyu GAO, Bingqian ZHOU, Xia LIU, Xinjing ZHANG, Huan GUO, Wen LI, Yong SHENG, Yangli ZHU, Jian ZHOU, Yujie XU. Dynamic characteristics of compressed air energy storage system[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(6): 1840-1853.

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指标	数值
环境温度	298 K
环境压力	0.1 MPa
储气室体积	11200 m³/16500 m³/21700 m³/26800 m³
释能时间	4 h/6 h/8 h/10 h
储气室最高压力	10 MPa

储能过程	数值	释能过程	数值
压缩机背压	10 MPa	膨胀机入口压力	7 MPa
压缩机总功率	10 MW	膨胀机总功率	10 MW
压缩机等熵效率	0.84	膨胀机等熵效率	0.88
间冷器两端换热温差/压损	5 K/0.02 MPa	再热器两端换热温差/压损	5 K/0.02 MPa
空气质量流量	18.0427 kg/s	空气质量流量	28.7062 kg/s
压缩机压比	2.2191	膨胀机膨胀比	2.8192
热罐入口热水混合温度	389.2 K	再热器出口热水混合温度	302.7 K

运行模式	储能时间/s	释能时间/s	储能效率/%	膨胀效率/%	储能密度/(MJ/m³)
模式1	30769	17873	70.75	88.00	12.96
模式2	30769	21805	71.54	87.99	13.22
模式3	61729	48115	73.10	84.05	26.18
模式4	61729	52208	73.98	87.97	26.49

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