CoO lithium storage mechanism revealed based on magnetic measurement

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0707

Abstract

Abstract:

The increasing demand for energy storage technology highlights electrochemical energy storage as a crucial component of energy storage systems. However, conventional characterization techniques encounter difficulties discerning subtle impurity phases and exploring intricate energy storage processes at interfaces. The magnetic properties of energy storage materials, which are intricately linked with crystal structures, elemental valence states, electronic energy bands, and electrochemical properties, offer a promising avenue for exploration. This paper uses magnetic hysteresis (M-H) tests and zero-field-cooled/field-cooled (ZFC/FC) tests to elucidate the lithium storage mechanism of CoO. A comparative analysis is conducted using traditional characterization methods, including x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Our findings reveal trace amounts of metallic Co monomer impurity phases in CoO with remarkable precision (CoO/Co@20min 0.66%, CoO/Co@40min 2.27%). These impurity phases play a crucial role in reducing polarization, enhancing the first-cycle Coulombic efficiency (74.3%—83.77%), and improving high-current cycling performance (2 A/g 50-cycles capacity retention of 116.59%). Moreover, this study employs in-situ real-time magnetic cyclic voltammetry tests and constant-current charge/discharge tests to visually elucidate the intricate interfacial energy storage mechanism between the space charge and the solid electrolyte interphase membrane of CoO in the low-voltage zone. The results successfully explain the origin of the extra capacity of CoO, surpassing the theoretical capacity. The synthesis and formulation of energy storage materials are intricately tied to achieving precision in impurity phase detection. Our work offers a novel perspective on using magnetism for detecting impurity phases and probing energy storage mechanisms at interfaces in a noninvasive and high-resolution manner. This contribution propels innovations in the field of energy storage, addressing contemporary energy challenges faced by society. The evolution of research and development endeavors in energy storage relies on a profound understanding of the intricate intricacies governing interfacial energy storage phenomena.

Key words: magnetic measurement, impurity phase monitoring, interfacial energy storage, in-situ magnetometry, magnetoelectrochemistry

CLC Number:

TK 01

Xixiang XU, Yue ZHAO, Mingyue RUAN, Qiang LI. CoO lithium storage mechanism revealed based on magnetic measurement[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(1): 12-23.

Figures/Tables 9

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