石蜡相变材料蓄热过程的模拟研究

doi:10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2019.0166

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

太阳能以其分布广、储量大以及极易获取的特点，成为人们发展清洁能源的首选对象，但太阳能的利用亦受到天气和季节的不利影响，如何高效地将太阳能储存起来仍是目前亟待解决的问题。掌握相变材料蓄热过程的影响因素对提高太阳能的利用率具有重要的指导意义。本工作建立了管壳式相变储能换热器的二维CFD模型，基于FLUENT软件的凝固/熔化模型，以石蜡为相变材料对其熔化过程进行仿真，分析了自然对流、石蜡厚度以及壁温对石蜡相变换热过程的影响。结果表明，自然对流对石蜡熔化起着显著作用；石蜡熔化总时间随石蜡厚度的增加而增加；并非壁温越高熔化速度越快，达到一定温度后，壁温对熔化过程的影响不大。

关键词: 管壳相变储能, 石蜡, 自然对流, 热源温度, 数值模拟

Abstract:

Solar energy is the first choice for developing clean energy because of its wide distribution, large reserves, and easy access. However, solar energy is affected by adverse weather conditions and seasons. Efficient methods for storing solar energy remain an urgent problem. Thus, understanding the factors that influence the thermal storage process of the phase change materials (PCMs) is important to improve the solar energy utilization rate. In this study, a two-dimensional (2-d) computational fluid dynamics model is developed on a shell-and-tube phase change energy storage heat exchanger. The melting process of the PCMs (paraffin wax) is numerically simulated using a solidification and melting model in FLUENT. The effects of the natural convection, paraffin thickness, and wall temperature on the heat transfer characteristics of the heat exchanger are studied during the charging process. Natural convection is demonstrated to significantly affect the growth of the PCM interface shape. The total melting time of paraffin increases with its thickness; however, it is not clear if a higher wall temperature of the heat-carrier fluid results in a faster melting rate. The influence of the wall temperature on the melting time significantly weakens when it exceeds the threshold.

Key words: tube shell phase change energy storage, paraffin wax, natural convection, heat source temperature, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TK 11+4

邹勇, 仇汝冬, 王霞. 石蜡相变材料蓄热过程的模拟研究[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(1): 101-108.

ZOU Yong, QIU Rudong, WANG Xia. Simulation study on thermal storage process of paraffin phase change materials[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(1): 101-108.

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网格数	4140	5200	6160	7440
Point 1处温度	327.68723	327.74619	327.63763	327.70667
Point 2处温度	327.53781	327.64267	327.53831	327.41254

参数	数值
固相比热容/J·(kg·K)^-1	2464
液相比热容/J·(kg·K)^-1	2950
固相密度/kg·m^-3	900
液相密度/kg·m^-3	773
膨胀系数/1·K^-1	0.001
动力粘度/kg·m·s^-1	0.03
固相导热系数/W·(m·K)^-1	0.28
液相导热系数/W·(m·K)^-1	0.14
凝固温度/K	325
熔化温度/K	328
熔化潜热/J·kg^-1	205600

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