半球形顶太阳能蓄热水箱内置错层隔板结构及运行参数优化

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2019.0219

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了获得半球形顶太阳能蓄热水箱最佳内置错层隔板结构及运行参数，对25种具有不同内置错层隔板结构水箱进行了数值分析，结果表明：隔板水平伸长量保持不变，随着隔板竖向间距增大，冷热水出口温差变小；当隔板竖向间距一定，随着隔板水平伸长量的增大，左侧或右侧隔板伸长相同的量对冷热水出口温差的影响差异越不明显，隔板以下区域温度呈现升高趋势，水箱内形成稳定的热层结构。当两隔板竖向间距为0.01 m、左右隔板水平伸长量为0时, 集热器瞬时效率取得最大值20.5%。在热水入口温度较高时，热水出口温度对冷水入口流速的变化更敏感。蓄热水箱有效储热率随冷水入口流速的增大呈先增后减的趋势，不同结构蓄热水箱有效储热率取得最大值的冷水入口流速值不同。具有半球形顶及内置错层隔板结构水箱在获得较高冷热水出口温差方面的性能要优于具有圆锥形顶及内置开单孔隔板结构水箱。

关键词: 太阳能蓄热水箱, 热分层, 错层隔板, 有效储热率, 运行参数, 数值模拟

Abstract:

To optimize the structure and operating parameters of solar hot-water storage tanks, this study numerically analyzes 25 tanks with different obstacle structures. The temperature difference between the cold and hot water outlets decreased with increasing vertical spacing of an obstacle with the same horizontal extent, but it was not obviously affected by increasing the horizontal extent of an obstacle with fixed vertical spacing. The temperature was increased below the obstacle, forming a stable thermal-stratification structure in the solar hot-water storage tank. When the vertical distance between the two obstacles is 0.01 m and the horizontal extension of the left and right obstacle is 0, the maximum instantaneous efficiency of the collector is 20.5%. When the temperature at the hot-water inlet increased, the temperature at the hot-water outlet became more sensitive to the flow velocity at the cold-water inlet. Increasing the inlet cold-water velocity first increased and then decreased the effective heat-storage rate of the hot-water storage tank. The maximum effective heat-storage rates in hot-water storage tanks with different structures varied because of the changing inlet velocities of cold water. To increase the temperature difference between the outlets, the solar hot-water storage tank should have a hemispherical top and internal staggered obstacles, rather than a conical top and a single internal obstacle with one hole.

Key words: solar water storage tank, thermal stratification, staggered obstacle, effective heat storage rate, operation parameters, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TU 822

王烨, 蔺虎相, 胡悦, 王苗, 林源山. 半球形顶太阳能蓄热水箱内置错层隔板结构及运行参数优化[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(3): 942-950.

WANG Ye, LIN Huxiang, HU Yue, WANG Miao, LIN Yuanshan. Optimization of structure and operation parameters in solar energy storage water tank with hemispherical top and internal staggered obstacle[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(3): 942-950.

图/表 18

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模型编号	1^#	2^#	3^#	4^#	5^#	模型编号	6^#	7^#	8^#	9^#	10^#
a	0.21	0.23	0.25	0.27	0.29	a	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20
b	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	b	0.21	0.23	0.25	0.27	0.29
Δh_L	0.01	0.03	0.05	0.07	0.09	Δh_R	0.01	0.03	0.05	0.07	0.09

模型编号	11^#	12^#	13^#	模型编号	14^#	15^#	16^#	17^#	18^#	19^#	20^#	21^#	22^#	23^#	24^#	25^#
a	0.23	0.23	0.23	a	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20	0.20
b	0.20	0.20	0.20	b	0.23	0.23	0.23	0.25	0.25	0.25	0.27	0.27	0.27	0.29	0.29	0.29
Δh_L	0.03	0.03	0.03	Δh_R	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.09	0.09	0.09
c	0.60	0.70	0.80	c	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
d	0.50	0.5	0.50	d	0.60	0.70	0.80	0.70	0.70	0.80	0.60	0.70	0.80	0.60	0.70	0.80
ΔL_L	0.10	0.20	0.30	ΔL_R	0.10	0.20	0.30	0.10	0.20	0.30	0.10	0.20	0.30	0.10	0.20	0.30

工况	入口温度/K		入口流速/m·s^-1
工况	热水	冷水	热水	冷水
1	333	303	0.05	0.1
2	333	303	0.05	0.3
3	333	303	0.05	0.5
4	333	303	0.05	0.7
5	333	303	0.05	0.9
6	343	303	0.05	0.1
7	343	303	0.05	0.3
8	343	303	0.05	0.5
9	343	303	0.05	0.7
10	343	303	0.05	0.9

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