基于锂离子电池简化电化学模型的参数辨识

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2019.0273

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文旨在对一种简化的电化学模型进行参数辨识。首先采用三参数抛物线方程将固相锂离子扩散偏微分方程简化为常微分方程，在单粒子模型的基础上考虑液相浓度和液相电势及SEI膜阻抗引起的过电势对端电压的影响，使用平均体积电流密度取代锂离子流量密度沿电极厚度方向的变化，建立了新的电化学模型。继而采用实验结合仿真的方式获取了电池的正极开路电压表达式。对电化学参数进行参数敏感度分析，并确定了该模型下待辨识电化学参数。最后采用自适应混沌粒子群算法对参数进行辨识，并且通过实验与仿真对比验证了电化学模型的准确性。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 参数辨识, 自适应混沌粒子群算法

Abstract:

This paper aims to identify the parameters of a simplified electrochemical model. Firstly, the three-parameter partial differential equations of solid lithium-ion diffusion are simplified to ordinary differential equations. This simplification of the ordinary differential equations is based on the single-particle model and considers the concentration in liquid phase, liquid-phase electric potential, and the impedance of the solid electrolyte interface film caused by the potential impact on the terminal voltage. The next contribution is a new electrochemical model, which computes the average current density and volume density of the lithium-ion flow along the electrode thickness direction. The expression for positive open-circuit voltage of the battery was formulated through experiment and simulation. The electrochemical parameters of the model were determined in a parameter sensitivity analysis and identified by an adaptive chaotic particle swarm optimization algorithm. The accuracy of the electrochemical model was verified in further experiments and simulations.

Key words: lithium ion battery, parameter identification, adaptive chaotic particle swarm optimization

中图分类号:

TM 912

康鑫, 时玮, 陈洪涛. 基于锂离子电池简化电化学模型的参数辨识[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(3): 969-978.

KANG Xin, SHI Wei, CHEN Hongtao. Parameter identification based on simplified electrochemical model of lithium ion battery[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(3): 969-978.

图/表 13

表2

待辨识参数的大体参数范围"

参数	单位	正极	负极
$D s$	m²/s	1.0×10^-14～1.0×10^-13	1.0×10^-14～1.0×10^-13
$C s, 0$	mol/m³	21695～24779	24479～26389
$r k$	m^2.5/(mol^0.5 ·s)	6.67×10^-12～6.67×10^-10	2.5×10^-12～2.5×10^-10

表2

表1

三元电池已知参数值"

参数	单位	正极	负极	隔膜	来源
$A$	m²	1.0161	0.7828	—	实测
$L p$	m	5.58×10^-5	8.8×10^-5	2.5×10^-5	实测
$L n$	m	1.33×10^-5	1.4×10^-5	—	实测
R_s	m	5×10^-6	5×10^-6	—	实测
$ε s$	—	0.45	0.5	—	[14]
$ε e$	—	0.55	0.5	—	[14]
$C s, m a x$	mol/m³	51410	31883	—	[14]
$C e$	mol/m³	1200	1200	1200	[14]
$R S E I$	Ω·m²	0.001	0.004	—	[14]
$t +$	—	0.363	0.363	0.363	[14]
$κ e$	S/m	0.15			[14]
$R$	J/(mol·K)	8.3144
$F$	C/mol	96487
$T$	K	298.15
$α$	—	0.5	0.5	—

表1

图1

图2

表3

待辨识参数辨识结果"

参数	单位	正极	负极
$D s$	m²/s	7.476×10^-14	2.875×10^-14
$r k$	m^2.5/(mol^0.5 ·s)	1.1112×10^-11	9.946×10^-12
$C s, 0$	mol	23698.29	25325.46

表3

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

符号说明"

$A c e l l$	—	电池极板面积，m²
$a s$	—	活性材料单位体积的表面积，m^-1
$c s$	—	固相锂离子浓度，mol/m³
$c e$	—	液相锂离子浓度，mol/m³
$c s u r f$	—	活性材料表面锂离子浓度，mol/m³
$D s$	—	固相扩散系数，m²/s
$D e$	—	液相扩散系数，m²/s
$F$	—	法拉第常数，96487 C/mol
$i 0$	—	交换电流密度，A/m²
$i s$	—	固相电流密度，A/m²
$i e$	—	液相电流密度，A/m²
$I (t)$	—	外部输入电流，A
$k s$	—	反应速率常数，m^2.5/(mol^0.5 ·s)
$L$	—	电极、隔膜厚度，m
R _film	—	SEI膜阻抗，Ω·m²
$R$	—	摩尔气体常数，8.31441 J/(mol·K)
$R s$	—	正负电极活性材料半径，m

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