锂离子电池热失控仿真研究进展

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0191

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂离子电池作为常见的储能和动力装置在生产生活中得到了广泛应用，但其在滥用条件下会引发热失控，对其安全性的研究很有必要。热失控仿真因其独有的优势，成为研究锂离子电池热失控的重要手段。本文通过对近期文献的研究，从热失控仿真、热蔓延仿真以及热失控仿真的应用三个方面对热失控仿真的研究现状进行了总结。着重介绍了不同诱因(热滥用、机械滥用和电滥用)导致热失控的产热机理和仿真方法，电池组内热蔓延仿真的研究现状和如何抑制热蔓延以及对热失控预测方法的研究。当前的热失控模型已经具有较好的精确度，可以模拟出电池发生热失控时主要的放热副反应，但电池内部十分复杂，混合了化学反应和物理变化，相关参数难以测量和计算，因此锂离子电池热失控仿真还需进一步研究。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 热失控, 仿真, 热滥用

Abstract:

Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in manufacturing and daily life as common energy storage and power device. However, thermal runaway can occur under abusive conditions, so its safety must be investigated. The thermal runaway simulation has significant advantages over the experimental method and is an important tool for studying the thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries. This paper analyzes the research status of thermal runaway simulation from three aspects, thermal runaway simulation, thermal propagation simulation, and the application of thermal runaway simulation. The heat generation mechanism and simulation method of thermal runaway caused by different inducements (thermal abuse, mechanical abuse, and electrical abuse), the research status of the simulation in heat spread in the battery pack and how to restrain the heat spread, and the research on thermal runaway prediction method are all introduced emphatically. The thermal runaway model is already accurate enough to simulate the main exothermic side reactions when the battery thermal runaway occurs. On the other hand, the battery is complex, with chemical reactions and physical changes, and the parameters are difficult to measure and calculate. As a result, further research into the thermal runaway simulation of lithium-ion batteries is required.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, thermal runaway, simulation, thermal abuse

中图分类号:

TM 912

常修亮, 郑莉莉, 韦守李, 张涛, 陈兵, 许卓, 戴作强. 锂离子电池热失控仿真研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(6): 2191-2199.

Xiuliang CHANG, Lili ZHENG, Shouli WEI, Tao ZHANG, Bing CHEN, Zhuo XU, Zuoqiang DAI. Progress in thermal runaway simulation of lithium-ion batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(6): 2191-2199.

图/表 4

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