生物质碳负载镍基纳米颗粒及其电解水析氢性能

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0606

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电解水析氢反应(HER)相比于传统制氢方式，研究前景更为广阔，但考虑到其缓慢的动力学过程，开发价格低廉且高效的催化剂是克服HER应用瓶颈的关键。大多数现有的纳米微观结构的电催化剂需要复杂的合成过程，这无疑增加了开发的难度。本工作以生物质棉布为载体，采用施魏策尔试剂变体作为镍源，制备生物质碳负载镍纳米颗粒的HER催化电极，并在此基础上进行了磷化改性，研究了镍负载量、磷化对电催化析氢性能的影响。通过SEM、EDS、XRD、电化学测试对催化剂的形貌、物相及电催化析氢性能进行表征分析。结果表明，碳布上负载金属镍纳米颗粒存在临界值，磷化改性可以在降低析氢过电位的同时提高催化剂的耐久性能，通过浓度优化及磷化改性后的材料(1 mol/L NiP@C)具有优良的电催化析氢性能，在1 mol/L KOH溶液中，电流密度10 mA/cm²下拥有极低的过电位和塔菲尔斜率，同时在100 mA/cm²的大电流密度下，经过IR补偿后的过电势仅为23.5 mV。经过10 h的变电流测试后，电压保持率约为92 %，表现出较好的耐久性能。

关键词: 生物质碳, 析氢, 电催化剂, 施魏策尔试剂变体, 磷化

Abstract:

Electrolysis of water by hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) shows a broader potential for hydrogen production than traditional methods. However, the kinetic process is slow, and this constitutes a key bottleneck. Development of an efficient, low-cost, electrocatalyst is crucial to progressing HER. In this study, an HER electrode was prepared using nickel nanoparticles supported by biomass-derived activated carbon. Biomass canvas formed the carrier and a variant of Schweitzer's reagent the nickel source. The effects of both phosphating and of reagent concentration on HER performance were studied. A range of analytical techniques (SEM, EDS, XRD, and electrochemical measurement) was used to characterize the morphology, phase composition, and HER performance of the catalysts. Results indicate that there is a critical value for nickel nanoparticle concentration on the carbon cloth, and also that phosphating modification can reduce the overpotential of hydrogen evolution and improve catalyst durability. The modified electrode (1 mol/L NiP@C) shows effective HER performance in 1 mol/L potassium hydroxide solution, exhibiting very low overpotential and Tafel slope at a current density of 10 mA/cm². Additionally, the overpotential after IR compensation is only 23.5 mV under high current density (100 mA/cm²). After a 10-hour chronopotentiometric test at variable current densities, the potential retention rate was about 92%, demonstrating a highly durable performance.

Key words: biomass carbon, hydrogen evolution, electrocatalyst, schweitzer reagent variant, phosphorization

中图分类号:

O 614.81

陈健鑫, 盛楠, 朱春宇, 饶中浩. 生物质碳负载镍基纳米颗粒及其电解水析氢性能[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2022, 11(5): 1350-1357.

Jianxin CHEN, Nan SHENG, Chunyu ZHU, Zhonghao RAO. Study on nickel-based nanoparticles supported by biomass carbon for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2022, 11(5): 1350-1357.

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