储能科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (12): 3720-3729.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0384

• 复合储热专辑 • 上一篇    下一篇

果蔬用冷库相变材料研制及其系统应用

戴照峰1(), 姜竹1,2, 赵东亮1,2, 张志远1, 张小松1,2()   

  1. 1.东南大学能源与环境学院
    2.低碳型建筑环境设备与系统节能教育部工程研究中心，江苏 南京 210096
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-05 修回日期:2023-06-20 出版日期:2023-12-05 发布日期:2023-12-09
  • 通讯作者: 张小松 E-mail:zhaof_dai@seu.edu.cn;rachpe@seu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:戴照峰（1997—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为压卡制冷和相变储能技术，E-mail：zhaof_dai@seu.edu.cn；
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省科技厅前沿引领技术基础研究专项(BK20202008);江苏省科技厅重大科技示范(BE2022606)

Development and system application of phase change material for cold storage of fruits and vegetables

Zhaofeng DAI1(), Zhu JIANG1,2, Dongliang ZHAO1,2, Zhiyuan ZHANG1, Xiaosong ZHANG1,2()   

  1. 1.School of Energy & Environment Southeast University
    2.Engineering Research Centre of Building Equipment, Energy, and Environment, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2023-06-05 Revised:2023-06-20 Online:2023-12-05 Published:2023-12-09
  • Contact: Xiaosong ZHANG E-mail:zhaof_dai@seu.edu.cn;rachpe@seu.edu.cn

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摘要：

相变蓄冷技术应用于冷库中，不仅可以利用谷电蓄冷产生经济效益，同时可以有效控制冷库温度，减少温度波动对果蔬造成的损失。本工作研制了一种相变温度可调、安全无害的麦芽糖醇/水低温相变材料。该材料根据麦芽糖醇配比的不同(质量分数1%～5%)，可实现相变温度和相变潜热在0.73～1.62 ℃和281.43～325.82 J/g的范围可调。鉴于该材料存在的过冷问题，通过添加质量分数为1.2%的四硼酸钠作为成核剂，可将过冷度缓解至1.09 ℃。通过数值模拟研究蓄冷板的布置形式对冷库内温度分布和蓄冷时长的影响，发现顶置+侧置的蓄冷板布置形式相比顶置式和侧置式具有更好的储冷保鲜效果。此外，底部架空的货物布置方式可进一步延长对果蔬的保鲜时间。本工作结合材料研发和模拟研究表明，相变蓄冷技术可有效转移峰电时期的用能负荷，实现16 h的离网保鲜运行。

关键词: 相变蓄冷, 冷库, 无电力运行

Abstract:

With the continuous increase in the demand for high-quality fruits and vegetables, the cost of cold storage operations has become a significant concern owing to its high energy consumption. To address this issue, phase-change storage technology has been integrated with traditional cold storage to reduce operational costs. Specifically, the cold storage material is charged during off-peak hours using valley power, thereby permitting power-free operation during peak hours. To ensure high quality and safety standards for the preservation process, a low-temperature phase change material with an adjustable phase change temperature is developed. In addition, the effects of the arrangement of cold storage panels and placement of goods on the storage temperature are investigated using numerical simulations, and a cold storage system capable of operating without electricity for 16 hours is designed. The results demonstrate the potential of phase-change storage technology to significantly reduce the energy consumption and costs associated with cold storage operations for preserving fruits and vegetables while simultaneously maintaining product quality and safety.

Key words: phase change materials, cold storage, power-free operation

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