面向电网二次调频的多类型储能集成控制策略及经济性评估

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0430

储能科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (10): 3265-3274.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2023.0430

面向电网二次调频的多类型储能集成控制策略及经济性评估

邢超¹(), 肖家杰², 李培强²(), 奚鑫泽¹, 毛志宇³, 郭祺², 涂春鸣²

^1.云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院，云南昆明 650217
^2.湖南大学电气与信息工程学院，湖南长沙 410082
^3.南方电网科学研究院，广东广州 510660

收稿日期:2023-06-25 修回日期:2023-07-15 出版日期:2023-10-05 发布日期:2023-10-09
通讯作者: 李培强 E-mail:497336360@qq.com;lpqcs@hotmail.com
作者简介:邢超（1986—），男，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为直流输电控制保护与试验技术等，E-mail：497336360@qq.com；
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2019YFE0118000);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（973计划）(2021YFB2601504)

Integrated control strategy and economic evaluation of multi-type energy storage for power grid secondary frequency modulation

Chao XING¹(), Jiajie XIAO², Peiqiang LI²(), Xinze XI¹, Zhiyu MAO³, Qi GUO², Chunming TU²

^1.Electric Power Research Institute of Yunnan Power Grid Co. , Ltd. , Kunming 650217, Yunnan, China
^2.College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
^3.CSG Electric Power Research Institute, Guangzhou 510660, Guangdong, China

Received:2023-06-25 Revised:2023-07-15 Online:2023-10-05 Published:2023-10-09
Contact: Peiqiang LI E-mail:497336360@qq.com;lpqcs@hotmail.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对电网二次调频场景，提出了延长使用寿命的电池储能集成控制策略并对多类型储能进行经济性评估，以提高调频经济性。首先，基于区域控制偏差(area control error，ACE)控制搭建电池储能-常规机组参与电网二次调频模型，发挥储能频率快速响应特性。随后，将电池储能系统划分为充放电不同特性的两部分进行集成，并提出独立跟踪调频功率策略，减小调频过程中频繁充放电对电池寿命的影响以延长使用寿命。最后，拟合出多类型电池寿命曲线，并构建基于雨流计数法的电池储能寿命评估模型和全寿命周期成本模型，对比分析多类型电池储能集成控制下的经济性。基于实际负荷扰动的算例表明：所提集成控制策略可以有效延长调频场景下电池储能使用寿命，采用锂电池、铅酸电池和镍氢电池进行集成控制时，使用寿命分别延长了数倍；寿命周期成本显著降低。

关键词: 二次调频, 双电池集成控制, 雨流计数法, 全寿命周期, 使用寿命

Abstract:

To investigate the secondary frequency modulation scenario of the power grid, this study proposes the integrated control strategy of the battery energy storage with an extended service life and performs the economic evaluation of a multi-type energy storage to improve the frequency modulation economy. First, based on the area control error, a battery energy-conventional unit in the grid's secondary frequency modulation model is built to play the fast response characteristic of the energy storage frequency. Next, the battery energy storage system is divided into two parts with different charge and discharge characteristics for integration. The independent tracking frequency modulation power strategy is then proposed to reduce the influence of the frequent charge and discharge on the battery life during the frequency modulation process and extend the service life. Finally, a multi-type battery life curve is fitted. A battery energy storage life evaluation model and a life cycle cost model based on the rainflow-counting method are constructed to compare and analyze the economies of the multi-type battery energy storage under integrated control. The numerical examples based on the actual load disturbance show that the proposed integrated control strategy effectively extends the service life of the battery energy storage in the frequency modulation scenario. The service life is extended several times with lithium and lead-acid batteries. In conclusion, the life cycle cost is significantly reduced.

Key words: secondary frequency modulation, dual battery integrated control, rain counting method, full life cycle, service life

中图分类号:

TM 761

邢超, 肖家杰, 李培强, 奚鑫泽, 毛志宇, 郭祺, 涂春鸣. 面向电网二次调频的多类型储能集成控制策略及经济性评估[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2023, 12(10): 3265-3274.

Chao XING, Jiajie XIAO, Peiqiang LI, Xinze XI, Zhiyu MAO, Qi GUO, Chunming TU. Integrated control strategy and economic evaluation of multi-type energy storage for power grid secondary frequency modulation[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2023, 12(10): 3265-3274.

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放电深度	电池
放电深度	锂电池	铅酸电池	镍氢电池
0.1	8000	3800	5200
0.2	5600	2850	2800
0.3	4500	2050	1830
0.4	4000	1300	1450
0.5	3600	1050	1010
0.6	3400	900	850
0.7	3150	750	680
0.8	3100	650	500
0.9	3000	600	420
1	2800	550	350

多项式系数	电池
多项式系数	锂电池	铅酸电池	镍氢电池
a	-220.2	119	-213.3
b	287.1	-27.54	358.9
c	58.43	-535.8	72.6
d	224.3	629.3	16.05
e	-804.6	-488	-750.2
f	3500	923.2	978.3

参数	数值	参数	数值
M	5	D	1
B	20	K_G	21
T_g	0.08	K_p	-0.822
T_b	0.01	K_i	-0.16
T_CH、T_RH	0.3、10	F_HP	0.5
I	0.1	γ_bres	0.04
T	10	η	0.95

调频效果指标	无储能	有储能
最大正向频率偏差/Hz	0.0337	0.0182
最小反向偏差/Hz	-0.0422	-0.0224
频率偏差绝对值平均值/Hz	0.0071	0.0041

电池类型	锂电池			铅酸电池			镍氢电池
电池类型	储能A	储能B	单储能控制	储能A	储能B	单储能控制	储能A	储能B	单储能控制
等效循环次数/次	3.362	3.337	14.318	1.770	1.518	8.278	1.687	1.4136	2.071
平均循环次数/次	3.350		14.318	1.644		8.278	1.550		2.071
日充放电量/kWh	67.255	61.011	128.266	67.255	61.011	128.266	67.255	61.011	128.266

面向电网二次调频的多类型储能集成控制策略及经济性评估

Integrated control strategy and economic evaluation of multi-type energy storage for power grid secondary frequency modulation

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参考文献 25

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等效使用寿命	电池
等效使用寿命	锂电池	铅酸电池	镍氢电池
单储能/天	198.0	49.8	165.1
储能组A/天	843.3	232.7	202.7
储能组B/天	849.5	271.5	241.9
双储能平均使用寿命/天	846.4	252.1	222.3

电池类型	锂离子电池	铅酸电池	镍氢电池	超级电容	飞轮储能	超导磁储能
C_pinv/(元/kW)	9300	2790	1860	1860	2170	1860
C_einv/(元/kWh)	9300	1860	3500	12400	31000	62000
C_prep/(元/kW)	2472.3	1152.4	1200	1860	1011.7	1860
C_erep/(元/kWh)	9300	1 860	3500	12400	31000	62000
C_pbop/(元/kW)	620	620	620	620	620	0
C_ebop/(元/kWh)	0	0	0	0	0	9300
C_pom/[元/(kW·a)]	62	62	93	80.6	111.6	62
C_eom/(元/kWh)	0.01407	0.002479	0.01407	0.0134	0.0134	0.0134
C_pscr/(元/kW)	465	139.5	93	93	108.5	93
C_escr/(元/kWh)	0	360	0	0	0	0

成本	电池
成本	锂电池	铅酸电池	镍氢电池
储能组A/元	4.044×10⁸	1.937×10⁸	3.817×10⁸
储能组B/元	4.044×10⁸	1.789×10⁸	3.352×10⁸
双储能成本和/元	8.088×10⁸	3.727×10⁸	7.170×10⁸
单储能/元	1.558×10⁹	1.255×10⁹	8.878×10⁸
功率型储能	超级电容	飞轮储能	超导磁储能
成本/元	9.741×10⁸	1.258×10⁹	2.531×10⁹

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