储能科学与技术

• 热化学储能专刊 •    

MXene/硬脂酸定型相变复合材料的太阳能光热储能性能研究

尚蒙娅1(), 郑露寒1, 高慧星1, 贾夏萱1, 陆亮2, 彭进1, 李俊壮1, 黄鹏东1   

  1. 1.河南工业大学材料科学与工程学院，河南 郑州 450001
    2.江苏三菱磨料磨具有限公司，江苏 盐城 224003
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-29 修回日期:2025-10-29
  • 通讯作者: 尚蒙娅 E-mail:mengyashang@haut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    河南省科技攻关项目(242102321066);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(21421260);河南省重点研发专项(241111233100);河南工业大学本科生科研训练项目(KYXL2025104);河南工业大学大学生创新训练计划项目(202510463097)

Solar photothermal energy storage performance of MXene/stearic acid shape-stabilized composite phase change materials

Mengya SHANG1(), Luhan ZHENG1, Huixing GAO1, Xiaxuan JIA1, Liang LU2, Jin PENG1, Junzhuang LI1, Pengdong HUANG1   

  1. 1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China
    2.Jiangsu Sanling Abrasives Co. , Ltd. , Yancheng 224003, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2025-09-29 Revised:2025-10-29
  • Contact: Mengya SHANG E-mail:mengyashang@haut.edu.cn

摘要：

针对传统有机相变材料(PCMs)在固-液相变过程中易发生泄漏，及其本身不具备光吸收能力而难以直接高效利用太阳能这两大关键技术瓶颈，本研究发展了一种结合化学交联与冷冻干燥的简易复合策略。该策略成功将作为相变功能组分的硬脂酸(SA)与具有优异光热转换性能的二维MXene纳米片协同封装于聚乙烯醇(PVA)三维多孔网络骨架中，制备出了一种定型光热相变复合材料。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等表征手段，系统分析了复合材料的微观形貌、晶体结构及化学组成，结果证实硬脂酸被均匀、稳定地固定于PVA的多孔骨架内，且与基体间具有良好的相容性。进一步通过差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)及紫外-可见-近红外光谱测试，并结合模拟太阳光源，定量评估了其储热性能、热稳定性及光热转换行为。研究结果表明，MXene的引入使光吸收率提升了约350%，实现了高效的太阳光捕获与光热转换。当SA含量低于75%时，复合材料在发生固-液相变时能有效避免液相泄漏，展现出优异的定型效果，其相变焓高达112.56 J/g，具有较高的储能密度，此外，复合材料具有良好的热稳定性和循环性能。本工作为解决相变材料的泄露问题并同时赋予其高效转换能力提供了一种简便、可靠的材料设计与制备思路，为开发集太阳能捕获、热能存储与释放于一体的新型热能管理材料奠定了实验基础。

关键词: MXene, 硬脂酸, 光热储能, 定型相变材料

Abstract:

To address the critical challenges of leakage during solid-liquid phase transition and poor solar absorption capability in conventional organic phase change materials (PCMs), this study proposes a facile composite strategy combining chemical cross-linking and freeze-drying techniques. The strategy successfully encapsulates stearic acid (SA) as the phase change component and two-dimensional MXene nanosheets with excellent photothermal conversion properties within a three-dimensional porous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) network, yielding a shape-stabilized photothermal composite PCM. The microstructure, crystal structure, and chemical composition of the composite were systematically characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).Results confirmed the uniform and stable immobilization of SA within the porous PVA matrix, demonstrating excellent compatibility between components. Further evaluation of thermal energy storage performance, thermal stability, and photothermal conversion behavior was conducted through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometry, and simulated solar irradiation. The results indicate that the incorporation of MXene significantly enhances light absorption by approximately 350%, enabling efficient solar harvesting and photothermal conversion. The composite exhibits superior shape-stabilization with no observable leakage during phase transitions when the content of SA is below 75 wt%, while maintaining a high latent heat of 112.56 J/g. Additionally, the material demonstrates remarkable thermal stability and cycling durability. This work provides a simple yet reliable design strategy for developing leakage-proof PCMs with integrated solar-thermal conversion capability, laying an experimental foundation for advanced thermal energy management systems that combine solar harvesting, thermal storage, and controlled energy release functionalities.

Key words: MXene, stearic acid, photothermal energy storage, shape-stabilized phase change material

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