锂锂硫电池正极材料研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4239.2015.04.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 锂硫电池作为一种非常有前途的高能化学电源,随着电动汽车和便携式电子设备的发展,因其高理论比容量（1675 mA·h/g）和高理论能量密度（2600 W·h/kg）引起了人们的广泛关注。然而,锂硫电池发展过程中的一些挑战不可避免,包括硫较低的离子和电子导电性,较差的循环性以及生成的多硫化物易溶于有机溶剂等缺点,制约了锂硫电池的发展。本文结合近年来锂硫电池正极材料的研究进展,简要阐述了锂硫电池正极材料的研究现状、问题及面临的挑战。锂硫电池由于其发展中面临技术瓶颈难以突破,导致现在还无法大规模的应用,因而对其性能的改进也就成了当今的研究热点。硫电极材料电导率低、循环性能差,可以通过碳包覆或者掺杂改善材料性能。然而由于成本和技术问题,大部分锂硫电池正极材料目前还主要处于研究试验阶段。因此,在提高材料性能的前提下,通过碳包覆或者掺杂改善工艺,探索一条适合工业化生产的道路是下一阶段研究的重点。

关键词: 锂硫电池, 正极材料, 复合材料

Abstract: With the development of electric vehicles and electronic equipments, lithium-sulfur battery as a potential high-energy chemical power becomes attractive because of its high theoretical specific capacity of 1675 mA·h/g and high theoretical energy density of 2600 W·h/kg. However, the development of lithium-sulfur batteries inevitably has some challenges, including the lower ion and electronic conductivity of sulfur, poor cycle properties, the generated lithium polysulfide can be easily dissolved in organic electrolyte, which become a big barrier for the research and development of lithium-sulfur batteries. In this paper, research progress reported on cathode materials of lithium-sulfur batteries in recent years, the current status, problems and challenges of cathode materials of lithium-sulfur batteries are summarized. Lithium-sulfur batteries can not be in large-scale applications because its development bottleneck is hard to break out. Sulfur electrode material with low conductivity and poor cycle performance, may be improved by carbon coating and/or doping. However, due to the problems of cost and technology, the cathode materials for lithium-sulfur batteries are still in the experimental stage. Therefore, to explore a suitable way for industrial production of improved sulfur based cathode by carbon coating and/or doping technology is the focus of the future work.

Key words: lithium-sulfur batteries, cathode material, composite

中图分类号:

TM911

辛培明, 金波, 侯甲子, 严庆光, 钟晓斌, 王环环, 高凡. 锂锂硫电池正极材料研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2015, 4(4): 374-381.

XIN Peiming, JIN Bo, HOU Jiazi, YAN Qingguang, ZHONG Xiaobin, WANG Huanhuan, GAO Fan. Research progress of cathode materials for lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2015, 4(4): 374-381.

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