储能科学与技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (1): 75-.doi: 10.12028/j.issn.2095-4239.2017.0120

• 研究及进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

铅酸电池开路电压的测量及其与累积放电量的关系

王  曦，伍联营，张伟涛，胡仰栋   

  1. 中国海洋大学化学化工学院，山东 青岛 266100
  • 收稿日期:2017-07-03 修回日期:2017-07-10 出版日期:2018-01-01 发布日期:2018-01-01
  • 通讯作者: 伍联营，教授，主要研究方向为过程系统工程，E-mail：wulianying@ouc.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:王曦（1990—），男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为蓄电池，E-mail：wangxi130205@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（21376231）

Measurement of open circuit voltage of lead-acid battery and its relation to cumulative discharge capacity

WANG Xi, WU Lianying, ZHANG Weitao, HU Yangdong   

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China
  • Received:2017-07-03 Revised:2017-07-10 Online:2018-01-01 Published:2018-01-01

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摘要：

铅酸电池开路电压与累积放电量的关系是铅酸电池模型的基础，对电池内电化学反应、传质过程等研究有重要意义。用恒流放电法测得了30次放电过程中电压和累积放电量的数据；提出了一种基于实验数据拟合外推获得开路电压的方法，由此获得的开路电压比传统方法更合理；基于电极反应速率和电解质浓度的平方成正比的假设，推导了开路电压-累积放电量的分段线性关系模型，并用遗传算法对模型参数进行了关联，结果与实验数据吻合良好。

关键词: 荷电状态, 铅酸电池, 开路电压, 累积放电量

Abstract:

The relationship between open circuit voltage and cumulative discharge capacity of lead-acid battery is the basis of lead-acid battery model, which has significant effect for the study of electrochemical reaction and mass transfer process in the battery. The data of voltage and accumulated discharge capacity during 30 times discharge processes were measured by constant current discharge method. A method to obtain open circuit voltage based on fitting and extrapolating with experimental data is proposed, which is more reasonable than the traditional one. A piecewise linear relation model for open circuit voltage and cumulative discharge capacity is derived which is based on the assumption that the rate of electrochemical reaction is in direct proportion to the square of the electrolyte concentration. Then the segmented nodes of the model are optimized by genetic algorithm before parameters are related, the results are in good agreement with the experimental data. It provides theoretical support for the study of reaction mechanism in lead-acid battery.

Key words: state of charge, lead-acid battery, open circuit voltage, cumulative discharge capacity