储能科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (1): 66-77.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2021.0275

• 储能材料与器件 • 上一篇    下一篇

木质素作为锂离子电池电极材料的研究进展

李鹏辉(), 吴彩文, 任建鹏, 吴文娟()   

  1. 南京林业大学江苏省林业资源高效加工利用协同创新中心,江苏 南京 210037
  • 收稿日期:2021-06-20 修回日期:2021-07-21 出版日期:2022-01-05 发布日期:2022-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 吴文娟 E-mail:2580981649@qq.com;wenjuanwu@njfu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李鹏辉(1996—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事天然高分子改性与应用研究工作,E-mail:2580981649@qq.com|吴文娟,副教授,研究方向为生物质资源化学与工程,E-mail:wenjuanwu@njfu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31730106);国家自然科学基金项目(21704045)

Research progress of lignin as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Penghui LI(), Caiwen WU, Jianpeng REN, Wenjuan WU()   

  1. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2021-06-20 Revised:2021-07-21 Online:2022-01-05 Published:2022-01-10
  • Contact: Wenjuan WU E-mail:2580981649@qq.com;wenjuanwu@njfu.edu.cn

摘要:

木质素是地球上储量充足的芳香族高聚物,结构中富含羟基、羧基、醚基等多种官能团。这些官能团的存在允许选择性的修饰这种复杂的化合物。木质素是制浆造纸工业的副产品,成本便宜、来源广泛,通过简单温和的化学活化制备的多孔木质素基碳已成为环境净化、电催化和储能领域的研究热点,尤其是作为锂离子电池的负极材料。本文简要介绍了锂离子电池的储能机理及特点,总结了木质素作为锂离子电池中负极材料的机理、制备方法与研究近况,具体分为基于木质素的分层多孔碳、碳微球、碳纤维、碳纳米管以及其他复合物等,详细阐述了木质素在锂离子电池的隔膜、黏合剂以及负极添加剂的应用,拓展概述了木质素在锂硫电池中的应用。最后,提出了木质素用于锂离子电池电极材料中存在的问题和对今后研究工作的展望。

关键词: 木质素, 锂离子电池, 负极材料, 隔膜, 黏合剂, 负极添加剂

Abstract:

Lignin is an aromatic polymer with abundant reserves on Earth. It is rich in hydroxyl, carboxyl, ether, and other functional groups. The presence of these functional groups allows the selective modification of this complex compound. Lignin is a by-product of the pulp and paper industry, which is inexpensive and has a wide range of sources. The porous lignin-based carbon prepared by a simple and mild chemical activation has become a research hotspot in the fields of environmental purification, electrocatalysis, and energy storage, especially as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. This review briefly introduces the energy storage mechanism and the characteristics of lithium-ion batteries and summarizes the mechanism, preparation methods, and research status of lignin in the anode materials of lithium-ion batteries. The anode materials are divided into lignin-based layered porous carbon, carbon microsphere, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, and other composites. The application of lignin to a lithium-sulfur battery is also investigated. Finally, the existing problems faced by lignin used as the electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries are put forward, and future work is prospected.

Key words: lignin, lithium-ion battery, anode material, battery separator, adhesive, cathode additive

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