污泥焚烧炉渣/硝酸钾复合相变储热材料制备及性能

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0253

储能科学与技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (10): 3357-3368.doi: 10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2024.0253

污泥焚烧炉渣/硝酸钾复合相变储热材料制备及性能

熊亚选¹(), 尹心成¹, 宋超宇², 任静³, 张灿灿⁴, 吴玉庭⁴, 丁玉龙⁵

^1.北京建筑大学供热供燃气通风及空调工程北京市重点实验室，北京 100044
^2.北京京能房山热力供应有限公司，北京 102400
^3.北京中建建筑科学研究院有限公司，北京 100076
^4.北京工业大学传热与能源利用北京市重点实验室，北京 100124
^5.伯明翰大学伯明翰储能;中心，英国伯明翰 B15 2TT

收稿日期:2024-03-22 修回日期:2024-04-09 出版日期:2024-10-28 发布日期:2024-10-30
通讯作者: 熊亚选 E-mail:xiongyaxuan@bucea.edu.cn
作者简介:熊亚选（1977—），男，教授，主要从事固废复合相变方面的研究，E-mail：xiongyaxuan@bucea.edu.cn。
基金资助:
北京市自然科学基金重点项目(3151001)

Preparation and performance evaluation of sludge incineration residue/potassium nitrate phase-change composites

Yaxuan XIONG¹(), Xincheng YIN¹, Chaoyu SONG², Jing REN³, Cancan ZHANG⁴, Yuting WU⁴, Yulong DING⁵

^1.Beijing Key Lab of Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China
^2.Beijing Jingneng Fangshan Thermal Supply Co. , Ltd, Beijing 102400, China
^3.Beijing Building Research Institute Co. , LTD. of CSCEC, Beijing 100076, China
^4.Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
^5.Birmingham Center for Energy Storage, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK

Received:2024-03-22 Revised:2024-04-09 Online:2024-10-28 Published:2024-10-30
Contact: Yaxuan XIONG E-mail:xiongyaxuan@bucea.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

未妥善处理的市政污泥会导致部分的生态环境受到不可逆的影响，通过焚烧处理可有效缓解所带来的危害。但污泥焚烧炉渣中又存在难以固定的重金属。为有效解决重金属的固定问题，同时制备低成本、环境友好的复合相变储热材料，提出以市政污泥焚烧炉渣作为骨架材料，硝酸钾为相变储热材料，采用冷压-烧结法制备5种不同质量比的污泥焚烧炉渣/硝酸钾复合相变储热材料，并对其宏观形貌、微观形貌、抗压性能、热稳定性、化学相容性、传热储热性能、经济性及CO₂排放量进行表征和分析。结果表明，在100～380 ℃范围内，污泥焚烧炉渣与硝酸钾的最佳质量比为5∶5(样品SC3)，储热密度为322.45 J/g，潜热为41.75 J/g，最大热导率为1.04 W/(m∙K)；抗压强度达到153.78 MPa；两者间具有良好的化学相容性，且在样品SC3中均匀分布；经1000次加热/冷却循环后的样品SC3具有良好的高温热稳定性；储热成本为63.06元/MJ；总CO₂排放量为1083.53 kg/t，低于传统骨架材料基复合相变储热材料的总CO₂排放量，有较好的环境效益，具有较好的可行性。

关键词: 市政污泥, 骨架材料, 储热, 热稳定性, 化学相容性

Abstract:

Improperly treated municipal sludge can lead to significant ecological damage, making it essential to find effective mitigation strategies. Incineration offers a viable solution to reduce this harm, but the resulting residue may still contain heavy metals that are difficult to stabilize. To effectively address this issue and develop low-cost and environmentally friendly composite phase change thermal storage materials, a novel approach proposes using municipal sludge incineration residue as the skeleton material and potassium nitrate as the phase change thermal storage material. Five different mass ratios of sludge incineration residue to potassium nitrate were prepared using cold-pressing and sintering methods. The materials were evaluated based on their macroscopic and microscopic appearances, compressive strength, thermal stability, chemical compatibility, heat transfer, and thermal storage properties. Economic feasibility and CO₂ emissions were also analyzed. The results show that within the temperature range of 100—380 ℃, the optimal mass ratio of sludge incineration residue to potassium nitrate is 5∶5 (sample SC3). This composition achieves a heat storage density of 322.45 J/g, latent heat of 41.75 J/g, and maximum thermal conductivity of 1.04 W/(m∙K). The compressive strength reaches 153.78 MPa, indicating that the materials exhibit good chemical compatibility and are evenly distributed in sample SC3. Additionally, sample SC3 shows good high-temperature thermal stability, maintaining performance after 1000 heating/cooling cycles. The thermal storage cost is calculated at 63.06 CNY/MJ, and the total CO₂ emissions are 1083.53 kg/t, which are lower than those associated with traditional skeleton material-based composite phase change thermal storage materials. This suggests that the approach offers both environmental benefits and practical feasibility.

Key words: municipal sludge, skeleton materials, thermal energy storage, thermal stability, chemical compatibility

中图分类号:

TB 34

熊亚选, 尹心成, 宋超宇, 任静, 张灿灿, 吴玉庭, 丁玉龙. 污泥焚烧炉渣/硝酸钾复合相变储热材料制备及性能[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2024, 13(10): 3357-3368.

Yaxuan XIONG, Xincheng YIN, Chaoyu SONG, Jing REN, Cancan ZHANG, Yuting WU, Yulong DING. Preparation and performance evaluation of sludge incineration residue/potassium nitrate phase-change composites[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2024, 13(10): 3357-3368.

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样品编号	SC1	SC2	SC3	SC4	SC5
污泥焚烧炉渣质量分数/%	55.0	52.5	50.0	47.5	45.0
硝酸钾质量分数/%	45.0	47.5	50.0	52.5	55.0

样品	比表面积/(m²/g)	孔体积/(mL/g)	平均孔径/nm
污泥焚烧炉渣	8.8046	0.1438	41.2054
SC2	0.3148	0.0025	7.8604
SC3	0.4108	0.0020	4.9222
SC4	0.1897	0.0027	6.7449

设备	干燥箱	球磨机	压力机	马弗炉	总计
工作时长/min	360	30	5	360	755
CO₂排放量/(kg/t)	135.63	10.36	104.55	372.99	623.53

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污泥焚烧炉渣/硝酸钾复合相变储热材料制备及性能

Preparation and performance evaluation of sludge incineration residue/potassium nitrate phase-change composites

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