锂电池满充容量的自适应估计方法

doi:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2020.0189

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对现有锂电池管理系统中基于库仑积分的满充容量估计方法所存在的更新慢、精度低的问题，提出了一种利用锂电池最大化学容量的满充容量估计方法。首先，在充电过程中根据锂电池的等效电阻电容模型和电流采样序列估计电池充电时间常数；然后根据充电时间常数和充电截止电流，计算从截止电流开始以恒压方式充电直至无限时间的虚拟电量。另一方面，根据锂电池选定的两个静置状态的放电深度以及这两个状态间的充电电量，计算锂电池最大化学容量。最后根据满充容量、最大化学容量与虚拟电量三者之间的近似关系，计算电池满充容量。实验结果表明，不同温度和健康状态下满充容量的估计误差小于3%。这说明提出的满充容量估计方法具有较高的精度和较强的自适应性，可满足实际的锂电池管理系统的需要。另一方面，该方法具有计算简便、易于实现的优点，在各种锂电池管理系统中有着广泛的应用前景。本研究挖掘并利用了满充容量与最大化学容量之间的内在联系，为锂电池状态参数估计提供了新的途径。

关键词: 锂电池, 满充容量, 电阻电容模型, 自适应估计

Abstract:

A full-battery capacity estimation method using the maximum chemical capacity of the lithium battery is proposed herein to solve the problems of slow update and low accuracy in the full-battery capacity estimation method based on the Coulomb integral in the existing lithium battery management system. During the charging process, the battery charging time constant is estimated according to the equivalent resistance-capacitance model of the lithium battery and the current sampling sequence. According to the charging time constant and the charging cut-off current, the virtual capacity in the constant voltage stage is then calculated by assuming that charging is started from the cut-off current until an infinite time. Meanwhile, the maximum chemical capacity of the lithium battery is calculated based on the discharge depth of the two selected relaxation states of the lithium battery and the charge capacity between these two states. Finally, the full charge capacity of the battery is calculated according to the approximate relationship among the full charge capacity, maximum chemical capacity, and virtual capacity. The experimental results show that the full charge capacity errors are less than 3% under different temperatures and health states. In other words, the proposed full charge capacity estimation method has high accuracy and strong adaptability and can meet the needs of the actual lithium battery management system. This method has the advantages of simple calculation and easy implementation and wide application prospects in various lithium battery management systems. This study explores and utilizes the internal relationship between the full charge and maximum chemical capacities, which provides a new method of estimating the state parameters of lithium batteries.

Key words: lithium battery, full charge capacity, resistance-capacitance model, adaptive estimation

中图分类号:

TM 912

张江安, 杨洪柏, 周左晗. 锂电池满充容量的自适应估计方法[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(6): 1976-1981.

Jiang'an ZHANG, Hongbai YANG, Zuohan ZHOU. Adaptive estimation method for full charge capacity of lithium battery[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(6): 1976-1981.

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电池包	均值/%	标准偏差/%	最大绝对值/%
1#	0.51	1.17	2.89
2#	0.40	0.98	2.34
3#	0.69	1.02	2.68

电池包	均值/%	标准偏差/%	最大绝对值/%
1#	0.12	1.05	2.13
2#	-0.17	0.87	1.98
3#	0.09	0.95	1.76

电池包	均值/%	标准偏差/%	最大绝对值/%
1#	-0.10	0.92	2.04
2#	0.08	1.27	1.79
3#	0.13	1.15	2.26

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